The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the correlation of primary tumor metabolic activity parameters; maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and tumor SUVmax/liver average SUV ratio (TLR) with clinical, histopathological and molecular characteristics of initial staging breast cancer (BC) patients using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography / computerized tomography (PET/CT) scan. Forty female patients with newly diagnosed BC were enrolled in our study, age ranging from 31-78 years (mean 50.5 +/- SD11.7). All the primary tumors were detected with mean SUVmax 10.8(+/-SD 7.9). The mean /median SUVmax values of primary tumor was higher in premenopausal , stage III and IV, Estrogen Receptors negative( ER-), Progesterone Receptors negative(PR-), Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive ( Her2neu+) patients, high nuclear grade (GIII), triple negative molecular subgroup (TN) and positive axillary lymph node (ALNs) metastasis,(P= 0.003, 0.017, 0.113, 0.089 0.01 ,0.002 , 0.007 and 0.016 respectively). The mean/median TLR values was higher in premenopausal ,Her2neu+, GIII, TN molecular subtype patients, stage III and IV and in patients with positive ALNs , ER- and PR - patients (P= 0.002, 0.0476 , 0.005 , 0.018 , 0.039 and 0.022, 0.095 and 0.129 respectively). SUVmax of the primary lesion and TLR were moderately negatively correlated with the age of the patients (P= 0.005 and 0.008 respectively), also they were moderately positively correlated with the size of the primary tumor (P= 0.019 and 0.036 respectively). TLR was predictive of nodal involvement AUC= 0.612 (95% CI: 0 …

Objectives: In this pilot study we investigated the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on language recovery in the subacute stage of post-stroke aphasia using clinical parameters and diffusion imaging with constrained spherical deconvolution-based tractography. Methods: The study included 21 patients with subacute post-stroke aphasia. Patients were randomly classified into two groups with a ratio of 2:1 to receive real tDCS or sham tDCS as placebo control. Patients received 10 sessions (5/week) bi-hemispheric tDCS treatments over the left affected Broca’s area (anodal electrode) and over the right unaffected Broca’s area (cathodal stimulation). Aphasia score was assessed clinically using the language section of the Hemispheric Stroke Scale (HSS) before and after treatment sessions. Diffusion imaging and tractography were performed for seven patients of the real group, both before and after the 10th session. Dissection of language-related white matter tracts was achieved, and diffusion measures were extracted. A paired Student’s t-test was used to compare the clinical recovery and diffusion measures of the dissected tracts both pre- and post- treatment. The partial correlation between changes in diffusion measures and the language improvements was calculated. Results: At baseline assessment, there were no significant differences between groups in demographic and clinical HSS language score. No significant clinical recovery in HSS was evident in the sham group. However, significant improvements in the different components of HSS were only observed in patients receiving real tDCS. Associated significant increase in the fractional anisotropy of the right uncinate fasciculus and a significant reduction in the mean diffusivity of the right frontal aslant tract were reported. A significant positive correlation was found between the changes in the right uncinate fasciculus and fluency improvement. Conclusions: Aphasia recovery after bi-hemispheric transcranial direct current stimulation was associated with contralesional right-sided white matter changes at the subacute stage. These changes probably reflect neuroplasticity that could contribute to the recovery. Both the right uncinate fasciculus and right frontal aslant tract seem to be involved in aphasia recovery.

Introduction

Rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus are chronic autoimmune diseases affecting quality of life.

Patients and methods

Two hundred patients diagnosed with RA and SLE were enrolled in this study. Four questionnaires (SF36, The Hamilton anxiety scale, The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, The Female Sexual Function Index) were administered.

Results

In this cross-sectional study, all domains of SF36 had significant negative correlations with DAS 28. Patients with no flare and those with mild to moderate SLEDAI had significantly higher SF36 domains as compared to patients with severe SLEDAI (P < 0.05). DAS 28 score had a positive moderate significant correlation with HAM-A (P = 0.01, r = 0.46). SLE patients with severe activity had higher HAM-A in contrast to other patients (17.75 ± 7.65, P = 0.02). DAS 28 score had positive significant correlation with Zung self-rating depression score (P = 0.01, r = 0.46). SLE patients with severe activity had significantly higher Zung depression score as compared to other patients (51.60 ± 17.99, P = 0.03). DAS 28 has significant strong negative correlation with female sexual index (r = −0.80, P = 0.00). The female sexual index mean value was insignificantly lower in those with severe disease activity (14.60 ± 9.50).

Conclusion

This study confirms that RA and SLE impair all aspects of quality of life. In RA patients disease activity negatively correlates with quality of life and sexual function, while there is a positive correlation with depression and anxiety. In SLE patients disease activity negatively correlates with quality of life and sexual dysfunction.