Abstract:
   Objectives: Managing type 1 diabetes in young adults involves distinct difficulties, especially when associated with depression, which contributes to difficulty in achieving glycemic control. The study focused on evaluating the effects of a virtual diabetes care program on Depression.

   Methods: A total of one hundred and thirty-two students from Assiut University diagnosed with type 1 diabetes who met the eligibility requirements were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. The intervention group consisted of university students with type 1 diabetes who participated in the virtual diabetes care program. The control group included university students with type1 diabetes and provided routine, usual care at the students' clinic of Assiut University. Both groups were assessed for Depression (via online designed questionnaire) and HbA1c at baseline and after six months. 

  Results: After six months, the mean score on the CES-D scale did not differ statistically significantly between the two groups. There was a significant rise in depression symptoms among male patients in the control group (P = 0.038) after 6 months, but the virtual diabetes care program participants showed a slight, insignificant decrease in depressive symptoms.

 Conclusion: The virtual group attendance and mobile app usage were associated with preliminary results of improvement in depression in males. Long-term exposure to the virtual diabetes care program should be investigated in young adults with T1DM, focusing on the reasons for the gender differences in response to the program.

    Keywords: Type1 Diabetes, Young adults, Depression, Telemedicine, Virtual care.

Background Opioid use is a growing concern worldwide with high relapse rates and psychiatric comorbidities.
Emotional intelligence (EI) has been associated with positive health outcomes, yet limited research exists on EI-based
interventions for opioid use disorders. The study aimed to assess EI levels among individuals with opioid addiction
and implement an EI program to reduce addiction severity and relapse rates, as well as examine potential factors that
contribute to enhancing EI.
Methods A quasi-experimental study assigned 40 males with opioid use disorder into an intervention group
receiving a 2-week EI program (n = 20) and a control group (n = 20). Healthy comparison group (without opioid use
disorder) (n = 20) was also included. Measures including the Emotional Intelligence Scale, Personality Inventory for
DSM-5, Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), Addiction Severity Index, and Advance Warning of Relapse (AWARE)
questionnaire were used to assess the groups at baseline,2 weeks and 3-month follow-up in patients with opioid use
disorder.
Results The healthy group exhibited lower scores on disinhibited personality subscales, maladaptive personality
traits, and SCL-90-R subscales than the opioid addiction groups at baseline. The EI intervention group displayed
substantial increases in EI subscale scores at the second and third follow-up assessments compared to the
control group. At AWARE scale follow-up, all control group patients had relapsed, versus only one patient in the EI
intervention group.
Conclusions Participants with opioid addiction demonstrated lower baseline EI and higher rates of psychiatric
symptoms and maladaptive personality traits than healthy group. A brief EI intervention led to significant EI increases
and lower relapse rate versus standard treatment alone.
Keywords Opioid, Emotional intelligence, Psychiatric comorbidities, Relapse, Addiction

GBM, the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, has an overall dismal prognosis. Immunotherapy targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis has shown limited success in GBM. Resistance to therapies involves different pathways like autophagy. Detecting LC3B expression provides a simple technique for monitoring autophagy. Our goal was to understand the interplay between PD-L1 and LC3B in GBM prognosis and treatment strategies. The study analyzed 61 GBM specimens to assess the immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 and LC3B with investigating their correlation with various clinicopathological parameters with assessing the impact of PD-L1 and LC3B expression on patients’ survival and the relation between both markers. Both PD-L1 and LC3B were significantly associated with clinicopathological parameters, including Karnofsky performance score (KPS)(P = 0.028 and 0.004 respectively …

Background

Synanthropic filth flies thrive in human and animal habitats, posing health risks through the transmission of infectious agents. They breed on organic waste, including animal feces, making them carriers of various pathogens. In Egypt, where livestock farming is common and poor sanitation, these flies may contribute to zoonotic disease transmission. The current study investigates parasitic infections in filth flies from three livestock farms in Assiut Governorate, Upper Egypt, highlighting their role as vectors for zoonotic infections, particularly Cryptosporidium, via morphological and molecular tools.

Methods

A total of 12,749 flies were collected from the study sites via sweep nets. After taxonomic identification, the flies were examined microscopically for parasites using various concentration and staining techniques. Positive samples were further confirmed for infections, particularly for Cryptosporidium parasites, via nested PCR and sequence analysis targeting the COWP and SSU rRNA genes.

Results

This study revealed the presence of several fly species from seven dipteran families, particularly the family Muscidae, primarily Musca domestica, which presented a high parasite infestation rate of 96.6%. This study revealed a high prevalence of various protozoans and helminths in the collected flies. Cryptosporidium was the most prevalent parasite (64.4–100%), infecting all fly species. Entamoeba and Balantidium were also significant, especially in M. domestica (22.6–90.1%, 8.9–100%), Fannia canicularis (10.5–74.4%, 44.2–88.2%), and Borborillus vitripennis (11.1–50%, 37.2–91.4%). Giardia, Trichuris, and Trichostrongylidae had low to moderate prevalence in multiple fly species. Mites are commonly detected on fly exoskeletons, with high infestation rates observed in Musca domestica (77–100%) and Physiphora alceae (66.7–100%). The present study also reported sporadic infections with Trichomonas, Toxocara vitulorum, and pseudoscorpions, along with notable midge larval infestations (52.1%), mainly at site B. Parasitic infections were highest in autumn and spring, with the lowest rates in winter. Molecular identification confirmed the presence of the zoonotic species Cryptosporidium parvum and Cladotanytarsus gedanicus.

Conclusion

This study revealed that zoonotic parasites exist in flies and pose potential risks when they are found near humans. Cryptosporidium parvum is the prevalent parasite causing diarrhea outbreaks in animals. This is the first genetic evidence of Cladotanytarsus gedanicus midge from Upper Egypt.