Abstract PURPOSE: Purpose of this study was to evaluate the long term efficacy of repetitive sacral root magnetic stimulation (rSMS) in patients with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE). METHODS: Forty four patients were randomized to receive either sham or real repetitive sacral root magnetic stimulation (rSMS; 15 Hz with a total of 1500 pulses/session) for 10 sessions. Evaluation was performed before starting treatment, immediately after the 5th and 10th treatment session, and 1 month later, using frequency of enuresis/week, visual analogue scale (VAS) and quality of life as outcome measures. Resting and active motor thresholds of gastrocnemius muscles were measured before and after the end of sessions. RESULTS: Both treatment and control groups were comparable for baseline measures of frequency of enuresis, and VAS. The mean number of wet nights/week was significantly reduced in patients who received real rSMS. This improvement was maintained 1 month after the end of treatment. Patients receiving real-rSMS also reported an improvement in VAS ratings and quality of life. A significant reduction of resting motor threshold was recorded after rSMS in the real group while no such changes were observed in the sham group. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that rSMS has potential as an adjuvant treatment for MNE and deserves further study. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02328092.

Abstract PURPOSE: Purpose of this study was to evaluate the long term efficacy of repetitive sacral root magnetic stimulation (rSMS) in patients with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE). METHODS: Forty four patients were randomized to receive either sham or real repetitive sacral root magnetic stimulation (rSMS; 15 Hz with a total of 1500 pulses/session) for 10 sessions. Evaluation was performed before starting treatment, immediately after the 5th and 10th treatment session, and 1 month later, using frequency of enuresis/week, visual analogue scale (VAS) and quality of life as outcome measures. Resting and active motor thresholds of gastrocnemius muscles were measured before and after the end of sessions. RESULTS: Both treatment and control groups were comparable for baseline measures of frequency of enuresis, and VAS. The mean number of wet nights/week was significantly reduced in patients who received real rSMS. This improvement was maintained 1 month after the end of treatment. Patients receiving real-rSMS also reported an improvement in VAS ratings and quality of life. A significant reduction of resting motor threshold was recorded after rSMS in the real group while no such changes were observed in the sham group. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that rSMS has potential as an adjuvant treatment for MNE and deserves further study. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02328092.

Abstract PURPOSE: Purpose of this study was to evaluate the long term efficacy of repetitive sacral root magnetic stimulation (rSMS) in patients with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE). METHODS: Forty four patients were randomized to receive either sham or real repetitive sacral root magnetic stimulation (rSMS; 15 Hz with a total of 1500 pulses/session) for 10 sessions. Evaluation was performed before starting treatment, immediately after the 5th and 10th treatment session, and 1 month later, using frequency of enuresis/week, visual analogue scale (VAS) and quality of life as outcome measures. Resting and active motor thresholds of gastrocnemius muscles were measured before and after the end of sessions. RESULTS: Both treatment and control groups were comparable for baseline measures of frequency of enuresis, and VAS. The mean number of wet nights/week was significantly reduced in patients who received real rSMS. This improvement was maintained 1 month after the end of treatment. Patients receiving real-rSMS also reported an improvement in VAS ratings and quality of life. A significant reduction of resting motor threshold was recorded after rSMS in the real group while no such changes were observed in the sham group. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that rSMS has potential as an adjuvant treatment for MNE and deserves further study. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02328092.

Abstract PURPOSE: Purpose of this study was to evaluate the long term efficacy of repetitive sacral root magnetic stimulation (rSMS) in patients with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE). METHODS: Forty four patients were randomized to receive either sham or real repetitive sacral root magnetic stimulation (rSMS; 15 Hz with a total of 1500 pulses/session) for 10 sessions. Evaluation was performed before starting treatment, immediately after the 5th and 10th treatment session, and 1 month later, using frequency of enuresis/week, visual analogue scale (VAS) and quality of life as outcome measures. Resting and active motor thresholds of gastrocnemius muscles were measured before and after the end of sessions. RESULTS: Both treatment and control groups were comparable for baseline measures of frequency of enuresis, and VAS. The mean number of wet nights/week was significantly reduced in patients who received real rSMS. This improvement was maintained 1 month after the end of treatment. Patients receiving real-rSMS also reported an improvement in VAS ratings and quality of life. A significant reduction of resting motor threshold was recorded after rSMS in the real group while no such changes were observed in the sham group. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that rSMS has potential as an adjuvant treatment for MNE and deserves further study. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02328092.

Abstract: Background and purpose: The safety of bare platinum coils has been widely described in the literature. This study aimed to report the first series of intracranial aneurysms treated with Barricade bare platinum coils with a comprehensive evaluation of their procedural safety and post-procedural anatomical results. Methods: Patients with intracranial aneurysms treated between October 2013 and December 2015 by simple coiling or balloon-assisted coiling with Barricade Coils (Blockade Medical, Irvine, California, USA) were prospectively included in a database and retrospectively studied. For all included patients, the patient and aneurysm characteristics, procedural complications, technical issues, post-operative anatomical results, and one-month clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale) were evaluated by an independent interventional neuroradiologist. Results: 88 patients harboring 97 aneurysms were included. Procedural complications and technical issues were encountered in 17 and 5 patients (19.3 and 5.7%, respectively) but clinical worsening in only 2 patients (2.2%). There was no treatment-related mortality. After one month, morbidity (mRS≥1) was observed in 19 patients (21.8%), 17 related to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in patients with ruptured aneurysms (19.4%) and 2 related to thromboembolic events in patients with unruptured aneurysms (2.3%). Nine patients initially presenting with a ruptured aneurysm were deceased at 1 month as a consequence of SAH (10.2%). Adequate occlusion was observed post-operatively in 94.8% of the aneurysms (complete occlusion in 81.4% and residual neck in 13.4%). Conclusion: Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms with Barricade coils is feasible and the demonstrated overall safety results are within the ranges found in the literature for other coils. Immediate anatomical results are satisfying.

Background: Chronic hepatitis C is the most common cause of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Egypt is the highest affected country with a prevalence of 22%. In children, seroprevalence of HCV is 0.2% in children less than 11 years of age and 0.4% in children equal and more than 11 years of age. Aim of the work: The purpose of this study was to assess the value of 1H MRS and DW-MRI as non invasive tool in evaluation of activity and fibrosis of hepatic parenchyma in asymptomatic children with chronic hepatitis C. Subjects and Methods: Across-section study was conducted over a period of two years, included thirty children of asymptomatic chronic hepatitis C virus infection (mean age + SD 14.1+2.8 years) and twenty healthy children as controls were included. Abdominal ultrasonography, Percutaneous liver biopsy, MRS and DW-MRI were done to all cases. Results: The results showed HCV infection was more common in our males (83.3%). The results of METAVIR grades showed 29 cases (99.9%) had activity while 17 cases (56.4%) had fibrosis. The results of MRS& DW-MRI showed significant differences between cases and controls and positive correlations between of the results of 1H MRS with the results of liver biopsy (METAVIR Grades and METAVIR Stages). Conclusion: Early diagnosis of asymptomatic chronic hepatitis C is essential to prevent or delay end stage chronic parenchymal liver disease. 1H MRS may be a potential non-invasive helpful diagnostic tool in assessment the staging andfibrosis of asymptomatic chronic hepatitis C. As the increased of its metabolites were correlated with histopathological changes. DW-MRI can be considered an effective predictor in assessment of activity in chronic hepatitis C.

Background: Chronic hepatitis C is the most common cause of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Egypt is the highest affected country with a prevalence of 22%. In children, seroprevalence of HCV is 0.2% in children less than 11 years of age and 0.4% in children equal and more than 11 years of age. Aim of the work: The purpose of this study was to assess the value of 1H MRS and DW-MRI as non invasive tool in evaluation of activity and fibrosis of hepatic parenchyma in asymptomatic children with chronic hepatitis C. Subjects and Methods: Across-section study was conducted over a period of two years, included thirty children of asymptomatic chronic hepatitis C virus infection (mean age + SD 14.1+2.8 years) and twenty healthy children as controls were included. Abdominal ultrasonography, Percutaneous liver biopsy, MRS and DW-MRI were done to all cases. Results: The results showed HCV infection was more common in our males (83.3%). The results of METAVIR grades showed 29 cases (99.9%) had activity while 17 cases (56.4%) had fibrosis. The results of MRS& DW-MRI showed significant differences between cases and controls and positive correlations between of the results of 1H MRS with the results of liver biopsy (METAVIR Grades and METAVIR Stages). Conclusion: Early diagnosis of asymptomatic chronic hepatitis C is essential to prevent or delay end stage chronic parenchymal liver disease. 1H MRS may be a potential non-invasive helpful diagnostic tool in assessment the staging andfibrosis of asymptomatic chronic hepatitis C. As the increased of its metabolites were correlated with histopathological changes. DW-MRI can be considered an effective predictor in assessment of activity in chronic hepatitis C.

Background: Chronic hepatitis C is the most common cause of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Egypt is the highest affected country with a prevalence of 22%. In children, seroprevalence of HCV is 0.2% in children less than 11 years of age and 0.4% in children equal and more than 11 years of age. Aim of the work: The purpose of this study was to assess the value of 1H MRS and DW-MRI as non invasive tool in evaluation of activity and fibrosis of hepatic parenchyma in asymptomatic children with chronic hepatitis C. Subjects and Methods: Across-section study was conducted over a period of two years, included thirty children of asymptomatic chronic hepatitis C virus infection (mean age + SD 14.1+2.8 years) and twenty healthy children as controls were included. Abdominal ultrasonography, Percutaneous liver biopsy, MRS and DW-MRI were done to all cases. Results: The results showed HCV infection was more common in our males (83.3%). The results of METAVIR grades showed 29 cases (99.9%) had activity while 17 cases (56.4%) had fibrosis. The results of MRS& DW-MRI showed significant differences between cases and controls and positive correlations between of the results of 1H MRS with the results of liver biopsy (METAVIR Grades and METAVIR Stages). Conclusion: Early diagnosis of asymptomatic chronic hepatitis C is essential to prevent or delay end stage chronic parenchymal liver disease. 1H MRS may be a potential non-invasive helpful diagnostic tool in assessment the staging andfibrosis of asymptomatic chronic hepatitis C. As the increased of its metabolites were correlated with histopathological changes. DW-MRI can be considered an effective predictor in assessment of activity in chronic hepatitis C.

Background: Chronic hepatitis C is the most common cause of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Egypt is the highest affected country with a prevalence of 22%. In children, seroprevalence of HCV is 0.2% in children less than 11 years of age and 0.4% in children equal and more than 11 years of age. Aim of the work: The purpose of this study was to assess the value of 1H MRS and DW-MRI as non invasive tool in evaluation of activity and fibrosis of hepatic parenchyma in asymptomatic children with chronic hepatitis C. Subjects and Methods: Across-section study was conducted over a period of two years, included thirty children of asymptomatic chronic hepatitis C virus infection (mean age + SD 14.1+2.8 years) and twenty healthy children as controls were included. Abdominal ultrasonography, Percutaneous liver biopsy, MRS and DW-MRI were done to all cases. Results: The results showed HCV infection was more common in our males (83.3%). The results of METAVIR grades showed 29 cases (99.9%) had activity while 17 cases (56.4%) had fibrosis. The results of MRS& DW-MRI showed significant differences between cases and controls and positive correlations between of the results of 1H MRS with the results of liver biopsy (METAVIR Grades and METAVIR Stages). Conclusion: Early diagnosis of asymptomatic chronic hepatitis C is essential to prevent or delay end stage chronic parenchymal liver disease. 1H MRS may be a potential non-invasive helpful diagnostic tool in assessment the staging andfibrosis of asymptomatic chronic hepatitis C. As the increased of its metabolites were correlated with histopathological changes. DW-MRI can be considered an effective predictor in assessment of activity in chronic hepatitis C.

Background: Chronic hepatitis C is the most common cause of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Egypt is the highest affected country with a prevalence of 22%. In children, seroprevalence of HCV is 0.2% in children less than 11 years of age and 0.4% in children equal and more than 11 years of age. Aim of the work: The purpose of this study was to assess the value of 1H MRS and DW-MRI as non invasive tool in evaluation of activity and fibrosis of hepatic parenchyma in asymptomatic children with chronic hepatitis C. Subjects and Methods: Across-section study was conducted over a period of two years, included thirty children of asymptomatic chronic hepatitis C virus infection (mean age + SD 14.1+2.8 years) and twenty healthy children as controls were included. Abdominal ultrasonography, Percutaneous liver biopsy, MRS and DW-MRI were done to all cases. Results: The results showed HCV infection was more common in our males (83.3%). The results of METAVIR grades showed 29 cases (99.9%) had activity while 17 cases (56.4%) had fibrosis. The results of MRS& DW-MRI showed significant differences between cases and controls and positive correlations between of the results of 1H MRS with the results of liver biopsy (METAVIR Grades and METAVIR Stages). Conclusion: Early diagnosis of asymptomatic chronic hepatitis C is essential to prevent or delay end stage chronic parenchymal liver disease. 1H MRS may be a potential non-invasive helpful diagnostic tool in assessment the staging andfibrosis of asymptomatic chronic hepatitis C. As the increased of its metabolites were correlated with histopathological changes. DW-MRI can be considered an effective predictor in assessment of activity in chronic hepatitis C.