Background: Although the frequency of consanguineous marriage is generally declining, most Middle Eastern Arab countries including Egypt still have a custom of preferring consanguineous marriage particularly among first cousins. The objectives of the study were to explore the frequency and determinants of consanguinity among youth population in Egypt using secondary analysis of data from survey of young people in Egypt, 2014 (SYPE, 2014) were used in this study. The results of this study show that consanguineous marriage among youth (13 – 35 years) in Egypt is 27.4%. However the frequency varies by region. It is highest in rural Upper Egypt (43.6%) and lowest in urban Lower Egypt (13.2%). Also it is higher in rural (29.3%) than urban (23.9%) areas. Consanguineous marriage is associated with younger age at marriage, low educational level, increased number of brothers and sisters, higher birth order, extended family and lower wealth quintile. This means that the socio-economic determinants are still working in maintaining this high rate of consanguinity even among youth population. It was recommended that public health education programs on the negative outcome of consanguineous marriages need to be established and efforts should be made to lower the associated social factors

Introduction: Approximately 30% of the world’s population has serologic evidence of current or past HBV infection. Middle East has an intermediate level of HBV endemicity (2- 7%).It is estimated that 3% of the global population have chronic HCV infection. The prevalence of Anti-HCV in Egypt was 14 % in 2010. More than 30 dangerous blood-borne pathogens are transmitted by contaminated needles, but those of primary significance to healthcare workers (HCWs) are hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus. Needle stick and sharps injuries (NSSIs) have been recognized as one of the most serious occupational hazards among HCWs. Aim of Work: To study the frequency and risk factors of hepatitis B & C virus infection among health care workers in general surgery department, Assiut University Hospitals. Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional study was carried out among HCWs in general surgery department, Assiut University Hospitals. This study included 215 HCWs, of them 21 refused to be subjected to serological examination. The instrument used was a structured interview questionnaire. Blood samples were taken from HCWs to screen for Anti-HCV, HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBs. Results: 5.2% of HCWs were Anti HCV positive, 3.1% were HBs Ag positive, 28.9% were Anti HBc positive, 55.7% were Anti HBs positive and 32.5% of HCWs were negative. Hepatitis virus infection was statistically significant among older age group, nurses and technicians and with long working duration. Conclusion and Recommendations: to improve hepatitis B vaccination coverage among HCWs, avoid needle stick and sharps injuries (NSSIs) and to improve the reporting system.

Introduction: Approximately 30% of the world’s population has serologic evidence of current or past HBV infection. Middle East has an intermediate level of HBV endemicity (2- 7%).It is estimated that 3% of the global population have chronic HCV infection. The prevalence of Anti-HCV in Egypt was 14 % in 2010. More than 30 dangerous blood-borne pathogens are transmitted by contaminated needles, but those of primary significance to healthcare workers (HCWs) are hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus. Needle stick and sharps injuries (NSSIs) have been recognized as one of the most serious occupational hazards among HCWs. Aim of Work: To study the frequency and risk factors of hepatitis B & C virus infection among health care workers in general surgery department, Assiut University Hospitals. Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional study was carried out among HCWs in general surgery department, Assiut University Hospitals. This study included 215 HCWs, of them 21 refused to be subjected to serological examination. The instrument used was a structured interview questionnaire. Blood samples were taken from HCWs to screen for Anti-HCV, HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBs. Results: 5.2% of HCWs were Anti HCV positive, 3.1% were HBs Ag positive, 28.9% were Anti HBc positive, 55.7% were Anti HBs positive and 32.5% of HCWs were negative. Hepatitis virus infection was statistically significant among older age group, nurses and technicians and with long working duration. Conclusion and Recommendations: to improve hepatitis B vaccination coverage among HCWs, avoid needle stick and sharps injuries (NSSIs) and to improve the reporting system.

Background: Oral health is fundamental to general health and well-being. Little is known about the oral health attitudes and behavior of children from developing countries such as Egypt in comparison with those from developed countries. Objective: To study the oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practice among primary school children in rural areas of Assiut governorate. methods: A cross-sectional school-based study design was carried out. Data were collected by using structured interview questionnaires. The questionnaire was designed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of primary school children regarding their oral health and dental treatment. Results: This study included 1036 primary school students distributed along 8 public schools in 4 districts of Assiut governorate. The overall knowledge was satisfactory in 22.2% of students. The overall attitude was positive in 72.3% of students. About 60% of children usually clean their teeth. The most commonly used material for teeth cleaning was tooth brush and tooth paste (65.9%). Parents follow the children during teeth cleaning in 18.9% of cases. 55.6% of children visited the dentist before. In general, the most common cause of dentist's visit was suffering from toothache (75.3%). It was concluded that knowledge and practice about oral health among study participants were poor and needs to be improved. Therefore, comprehensive oral health educational programs for both children and their parents are required to achieve this goal.

Background: Oral health is fundamental to general health and well-being. Little is known about the oral health attitudes and behavior of children from developing countries such as Egypt in comparison with those from developed countries. Objective: To study the oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practice among primary school children in rural areas of Assiut governorate. methods: A cross-sectional school-based study design was carried out. Data were collected by using structured interview questionnaires. The questionnaire was designed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of primary school children regarding their oral health and dental treatment. Results: This study included 1036 primary school students distributed along 8 public schools in 4 districts of Assiut governorate. The overall knowledge was satisfactory in 22.2% of students. The overall attitude was positive in 72.3% of students. About 60% of children usually clean their teeth. The most commonly used material for teeth cleaning was tooth brush and tooth paste (65.9%). Parents follow the children during teeth cleaning in 18.9% of cases. 55.6% of children visited the dentist before. In general, the most common cause of dentist's visit was suffering from toothache (75.3%). It was concluded that knowledge and practice about oral health among study participants were poor and needs to be improved. Therefore, comprehensive oral health educational programs for both children and their parents are required to achieve this goal.

Background: Oral health is fundamental to general health and well-being. Little is known about the oral health attitudes and behavior of children from developing countries such as Egypt in comparison with those from developed countries. Objective: To study the oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practice among primary school children in rural areas of Assiut governorate. methods: A cross-sectional school-based study design was carried out. Data were collected by using structured interview questionnaires. The questionnaire was designed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of primary school children regarding their oral health and dental treatment. Results: This study included 1036 primary school students distributed along 8 public schools in 4 districts of Assiut governorate. The overall knowledge was satisfactory in 22.2% of students. The overall attitude was positive in 72.3% of students. About 60% of children usually clean their teeth. The most commonly used material for teeth cleaning was tooth brush and tooth paste (65.9%). Parents follow the children during teeth cleaning in 18.9% of cases. 55.6% of children visited the dentist before. In general, the most common cause of dentist's visit was suffering from toothache (75.3%). It was concluded that knowledge and practice about oral health among study participants were poor and needs to be improved. Therefore, comprehensive oral health educational programs for both children and their parents are required to achieve this goal.

Background: Oral health is fundamental to general health and well-being. Little is known about the oral health attitudes and behavior of children from developing countries such as Egypt in comparison with those from developed countries. Objective: To study the oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practice among primary school children in rural areas of Assiut governorate. methods: A cross-sectional school-based study design was carried out. Data were collected by using structured interview questionnaires. The questionnaire was designed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of primary school children regarding their oral health and dental treatment. Results: This study included 1036 primary school students distributed along 8 public schools in 4 districts of Assiut governorate. The overall knowledge was satisfactory in 22.2% of students. The overall attitude was positive in 72.3% of students. About 60% of children usually clean their teeth. The most commonly used material for teeth cleaning was tooth brush and tooth paste (65.9%). Parents follow the children during teeth cleaning in 18.9% of cases. 55.6% of children visited the dentist before. In general, the most common cause of dentist's visit was suffering from toothache (75.3%). It was concluded that knowledge and practice about oral health among study participants were poor and needs to be improved. Therefore, comprehensive oral health educational programs for both children and their parents are required to achieve this goal.

Background Bell's palsy (BP) is one of the most common causes of acute-onset unilateral facial weakness. Through this study we aimed to estimate the incidence of BP in Al-Quseir City, Red Sea Governorate, Egypt. Patients and methods A project was undertaken to assess the epidemiology of major neurological disorders. A total of 33 285 eligible patients were screened through a door-to-door survey (every door) by three specialists in neurology and 15 social workers. All patients were subjected to detailed history taking and a meticulous neurological examination by means of a specific questionnaire designed for this study. Results Within 1 year, 27 patients were diagnosed with BP. This yielded an incidence rate of 98.9/100 000 population (aged 9 years and older). The incidence was higher in the male population than in the female population (116.4 and 81.2/100 000, respectively). Age-specific incidence of BP showed that its …

Background Bell's palsy (BP) is one of the most common causes of acute-onset unilateral facial weakness. Through this study we aimed to estimate the incidence of BP in Al-Quseir City, Red Sea Governorate, Egypt. Patients and methods A project was undertaken to assess the epidemiology of major neurological disorders. A total of 33 285 eligible patients were screened through a door-to-door survey (every door) by three specialists in neurology and 15 social workers. All patients were subjected to detailed history taking and a meticulous neurological examination by means of a specific questionnaire designed for this study. Results Within 1 year, 27 patients were diagnosed with BP. This yielded an incidence rate of 98.9/100 000 population (aged 9 years and older). The incidence was higher in the male population than in the female population (116.4 and 81.2/100 000, respectively). Age-specific incidence of BP showed that its …

Background Bell's palsy (BP) is one of the most common causes of acute-onset unilateral facial weakness. Through this study we aimed to estimate the incidence of BP in Al-Quseir City, Red Sea Governorate, Egypt. Patients and methods A project was undertaken to assess the epidemiology of major neurological disorders. A total of 33 285 eligible patients were screened through a door-to-door survey (every door) by three specialists in neurology and 15 social workers. All patients were subjected to detailed history taking and a meticulous neurological examination by means of a specific questionnaire designed for this study. Results Within 1 year, 27 patients were diagnosed with BP. This yielded an incidence rate of 98.9/100 000 population (aged 9 years and older). The incidence was higher in the male population than in the female population (116.4 and 81.2/100 000, respectively). Age-specific incidence of BP showed that its …