Objective: Lesion detection at contrast material-enhanced breast Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging is primarily based on a lesion's vascularity relative to normal breast tissue. MR imaging may be still be advantageous because it can be used not only to characterize the lesion in question but also to evaluate the remainder of the breast, potentially leading to identification of unsuspected multifocal disease. The primary benefit of a noninvasive test such as MR imaging undertaken prior to tissue diagnosis (ie, with core biopsy or excisional biopsy) is that it can be used to determine which lesions are likely to be benign, so that mammographic or clinical followup could be used in place of tissue diagnosis. When a test is used in this capacity, it must be sufficiently sensitive that the negative predictive value is very high without sacrificing specificity. Standard evaluation criteria have not been optimized for evaluating 

Sjӧgren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease affecting mainly the exocrine glands. Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is the most predominant renal involvement with lymphocyte and plasma cells
infiltration of the interstitium. We report a case of young female with SS presented with renal tubular acidosis (RTA), polyradiculoneuropathy &proteinuria. Renal biopsy revealed granulomatous interstitial nephritis. Granuloma formation is rarely seen in cases of SS.

Background and objectives Despite much research about lupus nephritis, none of the urinary biomarkers has been proven to be truly reflecting lupus nephritis activity, response to treatment, or prognosis. We aimed to study urinary biomarkers in lupus nephritis and test the r relation to kidney damage.
Patients and methods: Forty patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were divided into two groups: (1) lupus nephritis group with biopsy-proven proliferative lupus nephritis (classes III and IV) and who did not receive immunosuppressive drugs within the preceding 3 months except for glucocorticoids and (2) lupus non-nephritis group with SLE patients without any renal manifestation. We assessed disease activity by the SLE disease activity index. uNGAL, uKim-1, uNGAL to urinary creatinine excretion (mg/dl), and uKim-1 to urinary creatinine excretion were measured in random spot urine samples at the time of renal biopsy and 6 months after the induction therapy.
Results The LN group before treatment showed higher levels of uNGAL and uKIM-1 (P-value < 0.001). ROC analysis showed that uNGAL at level of > 59 has a 95 % sensitivity, a 100 % specificity, and an AUC = 0.996 in the ability to diagnose LN. While the uKIM-1 ROC showed that at level of > 1.6, it has an 85 % sensitivity, an 80 % specificity, and an AUC = 0.919. uNGAL and uKIM levels were significantly lower after treatment (P-value < 0.001). No significant correlations were found between urinary markers before and after treatment with other clinical, inflammatory, and serological markers of lupus nephritis.
Conclusion uNGAL, uKIM, uNGAL/Creat ratio, and uKIM/Creat ratio can be used as a predictor and a marker of disease activity for lupus nephritis.