Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an autonomous self-configuring infrastructure-less wireless network. MANET is vulnerable to a lot of routing security threats due to unreliability of its nodes that are highly involved in the routing process. In this paper, a new technique is proposed to enhance the security of one of the most popular MANET routing protocols that is called Ad hoc on Demand Distance Vector (AODV) with minimum routing overhead and high packet delivery ratio. The proposed technique intends to detect and remove black, gray, and cooperative black hole AODV attacks depending on a mobile backbone network constructed from randomly moving regular MANET nodes based on their trust value, location, and power. The backbone network monitors regular nodes as well as each other to periodically estimate monitoring trust values which represent the reliability of each node in the network. The drop in the monitoring trust value of any node is used as a clue to its malicious behavior. The backbone network also tries to bait the malicious nodes to reply to a request for a route to fake destination address. The proposed technique uses the control packets of the AODV to exchange its control information which highly reduces the overhead. The simulation results show that the performance of the proposed technique is more secure than AODV and the other recently introduced techniques.

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) has a distributed and uncontrolled nature in which all nodes are considered trusted and contribute in the route discovery process. Accordingly, MANET is vulnerable to many types of routing attacks. One of the most popular MANET routing protocol that is vulnerable to different attacks is ad hoc on demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol. In this paper, a mobile backbone network of trusted nodes is proposed to enhance AODV security with minimum overhead. The proposed backbone network does not violate the MANET mobility characteristic. It is constructed from randomly moving regular MANET nodes based on their trust value, location, and power. The backbone network monitors regular nodes as well as each other to periodically estimate monitoring trust values which represent the reliability of each node in the network. The simulation results show that the backbone network is trustable, has dynamic behavior, and has good coverage.

In this paper, we present a system for video face replacement that requires only two videos of a source actor and a target actor using only a single digital camera. Existing video face replacement techniques usually need special equipment or 3D models; the proposed system achieves a realistic replacement of faces without using 3D models or special equipment. There are many applications of the proposed system that are presented in this paper using only two footages of actors. We can replace a frontal face with another one; this gives the possibility to change the appearance of actors without makeup or any prior settings. We introduce a new technique for face blending that is based on a gradient domain method called Modified Poisson Blending (MPB) to reduce the bleeding problem of Poisson image editing, and achieve realistic results of face replacement. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system using MPB technique produces more realistic results than the results of other cloning techniques.

Video completion has many applications in movie post-production, such as removing unwanted objects, artifacts, or logos. Most state-of-the-art video completion techniques are time-consuming in order to ensure spatial-temporal coherence. This paper presents a Fast Video Completion (FVC) technique that is based on patch-based synthesis and image registration. FVC generates key frames without the unwanted objects over the input video using a patch-based synthesis. The rest of the video completion process requires a low computing time using the registered prior frame. The results of the proposed technique show that FVC preserves the spatial-temporal coherence in an acceptable time, that makes the proposed technique is applicable for long videos.