Abstract Due to the serious consequences of system outages on customers and utilities, restoration of the power supply to the healthy out-of-service loads is of profound importance. After faults have been located and isolated, restoration plans are applied in order to maximize the re-energized loads with minimum number of switching operations. The consequences of service interruption depend on the number of affected customers, customer load type and size, time of occurrence, frequency of outages, and the outage duration period. In this work, all these factors have been considered in the restoration process. The constraints involved include voltage limits, line current limits, and radial topology. In addition, an improved encoding which codes the control variables depending on different restoration circumstances is presented. It greatly reduces the number of control variables, filters out a large number of infeasible solutions and improves the algorithm efficiency

A small scale solar powered adsorption cooling plant has been constructed in Assiut University, Egypt. The plant consists of evacuated tube solar collector arrays of area 36 m2 with high reflective parabolic surface used at the back, a silica gel-water adsorption chiller of 8 kW nominal cooling capacity, and hot and cold water storage tanks of 1.8 and 1.2 m3 in volume, respectively. Field test results from June to September 2012 showed that under daily solar insolation varies from 21 to 27 MJ/m2, the solar collectors employed in the system have higher and constant thermal efficiency during the day. The performance analysis of the adsorption chiller showed that the chiller average daily COP was 0.41 with average chilling power of 4.4 kW when the cooling water temperature was about 31 ˚C and chilled water temperature of 19 ˚C. Using the city water of temperature about 27.7 ˚C as cooling medium enhanced the chiller COP by 40 % and the chilling power by 17 %.

A small scale solar powered adsorption cooling plant has been constructed in Assiut University, Egypt. The plant consists of evacuated tube solar collector arrays of area 36 m2 with high reflective parabolic surface used at the back, a silica gel-water adsorption chiller of 8 kW nominal cooling capacity, and hot and cold water storage tanks of 1.8 and 1.2 m3 in volume, respectively. Field test results from June to September 2012 showed that under daily solar insolation varies from 21 to 27 MJ/m2, the solar collectors employed in the system have higher and constant thermal efficiency during the day. The performance analysis of the adsorption chiller showed that the chiller average daily COP was 0.41 with average chilling power of 4.4 kW when the cooling water temperature was about 31 ˚C and chilled water temperature of 19 ˚C. Using the city water of temperature about 27.7 ˚C as cooling medium enhanced the chiller COP by 40 % and the chilling power by 17 %.

A small scale solar powered adsorption cooling plant has been constructed in Assiut University, Egypt. The plant consists of evacuated tube solar collector arrays of area 36 m2 with high reflective parabolic surface used at the back, a silica gel-water adsorption chiller of 8 kW nominal cooling capacity, and hot and cold water storage tanks of 1.8 and 1.2 m3 in volume, respectively. Field test results from June to September 2012 showed that under daily solar insolation varies from 21 to 27 MJ/m2, the solar collectors employed in the system have higher and constant thermal efficiency during the day. The performance analysis of the adsorption chiller showed that the chiller average daily COP was 0.41 with average chilling power of 4.4 kW when the cooling water temperature was about 31 ˚C and chilled water temperature of 19 ˚C. Using the city water of temperature about 27.7 ˚C as cooling medium enhanced the chiller COP by 40 % and the chilling power by 17 %.

A small scale solar powered adsorption cooling plant has been constructed in Assiut University, Egypt. The plant consists of evacuated tube solar collector arrays of area 36 m2 with high reflective parabolic surface used at the back, a silica gel-water adsorption chiller of 8 kW nominal cooling capacity, and hot and cold water storage tanks of 1.8 and 1.2 m3 in volume, respectively. Field test results from June to September 2012 showed that under daily solar insolation varies from 21 to 27 MJ/m2, the solar collectors employed in the system have higher and constant thermal efficiency during the day. The performance analysis of the adsorption chiller showed that the chiller average daily COP was 0.41 with average chilling power of 4.4 kW when the cooling water temperature was about 31 ˚C and chilled water temperature of 19 ˚C. Using the city water of temperature about 27.7 ˚C as cooling medium enhanced the chiller COP by 40 % and the chilling power by 17 %.