Reliable multilevel inverter IGBT modules require precise loss and heat management, particularly in severe traction applications. This paper presents a comprehensive modeling framework for three-level T-type neutral-point clamped (TNPC) inverters using a high-power Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) module that combines model predictive control (MPC) with space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM). The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to methodically tune the MPC cost function weights for minimization, while achieving a balance between output current tracking, stabilization of the neutral-point voltage, and, consequently, a uniform distribution of thermal stress. The proposed SVPWM-MPC algorithm selects optimal switching states, which are then utilized in a chip-level loss model coupled with a Cauer RC thermal network to predict transient chip-level junction temperatures dynamically. The proposed framework is executed in MATLAB R2024b and validated with experiments, and the SemiSel industrial thermal simulation tool, demonstrating both control effectiveness and accuracy of the electro-thermal model. The results demonstrate that the proposed control method can sustain neutral-point voltage imbalance of less than 0.45% when operating at 25% load and approximately 1% under full load working conditions, while accomplishing a uniform junction temperature profile in all inverter legs across different working conditions. Moreover, the results indicate that the proposed control and modeling structure is an effective and common-sense way to perform coordinated electrical and thermal management, effectively allowing for predesign and reliability testing of high-power TNPC inverters.

Additive Manufacturing is a promising technique for expanding the boundaries of Metal Matrix Composites. In this study, Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) technique, employing Electron Beam as the heat source, was used to print Ti6Al4V metal matrix in different geometric shapes with a new approach for MMC fabrication. Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) powder was then incorporated into these pattern shapes, compacted, and sintered to bind the powder particles together. The findings showed that successful sintering was achieved, resulting in the formation of a flexible interface region, with the circular design achieving the best interface region among all pattern designs. Regarding the mechanical performance evaluation of the developed Metal Matrix Composites, it was found that the mechanical strength was significantly increased with the hexagonal and circular patterns achieving the best results. Future research …

Six-phase permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) provide improved fault tolerance and reliability, making them well-suited for critical applications like aerospace and hybrid electric vehicle systems. Nonetheless, guaranteeing torque stability while keeping phase currents within safe limits during fault scenarios poses considerable challenges. Conventional control strategies struggle with current redistribution when phase faults occur, leading to torque oscillations and potentially damaging current levels in remaining healthy phases. This paper proposes a Fault-Tolerant Model Predictive Control (FT-MPC) strategy that optimizes current distribution in six-phase PMSMs to maintain smooth torque output while strictly adhering to peak current constraints. The proposed approach employs a predictive model to calculate optimal current references during the transition from six-phase to three-phase operation, implementing a cost function that balances torque maintenance with current limitation requirements. Simulation analysis and experimental testing on a 3 kW six-phase PMSM setup are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed FT-MPC under various fault scenarios, comparing it with the conventional controllers. Compared to conventional controllers, the proposed method prevents current spikes during phase-switching transients while maintaining torque within reference values. Additionally, the controller successfully limits currents in healthy phases to remain below predetermined thresholds, preventing thermal damage while maximizing available torque. The comprehensive experimental results confirm that the FT-MPC approach significantly enhances system reliability and performance during fault conditions. It is particularly suitable for electric vehicle propulsion systems, aerospace applications, and other safety-critical industrial drives requiring faulttolerant operation.