Schools in hot arid climate depend on courtyard to encourage students’ for social activity. In order to improve Outdoor Thermal Comfort (OTC), applying passive mitigation strategies in the courtyard is critical issue. This paper aims to improve students’ thermal comfort in school courtyards throughout the study of a public school with an E-shaped style in New Assiut City. Hence, different shading strategies (shading with different heights, vegetation, and hybrid) are simulated by using ENVI-met model v 5.0.0 to improve OTC for students in school courtyards. Firstly, monitoring was conducted inside outer courtyards. Then nine scenarios of passive strategies were implemented inside two courtyards with a ratio H/W = 0.4 and 0.7. After that, Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) was used to compare different scenarios. The results found, by applying hybrid orthogonal and diagonal staggered shading with trees in …