A three years old female, non pregnant buffalo weighted about 280 Kg was admitted to the clinic of Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt suffering from anorexia and recurrent tympany. The animal was treated previously by nerve tonics, stomachics and rumen stimulant drugs without clinical improvement. the animal was subjected to clinical , radiographic and ultrasonographic examinations. Clinical examination of the animal showed normal parameters. The radiographic examination displayed normal appearance of the cranial abdomen and thorax except the presence of some blunt radiodense objects (small pieces of rock). The cardiac silhouette and its major vessels appeared clearly on the radiograph and was within normal geometry. The right side of the animal was examined sonographically as the left side. A large circumscribed anaechoic swelling with echogenic wall and distal acoustic enhancement was detected at the 6th intercostals space by applying the 3.5 MHz transducer parallel the ribs and the level of the elbow. Laparo-rumenotomy revealed a large circumscribed fluctuating swelling was detected at the cranio-ventral aspect of the pre-reticular tissue. It was detected from the right reticular wall. It could be concluded that conclude that the combinations of clinical, radiographical and ultrasonographical examinations of the animal provide an important information for the veterinarians to reach the accurate final diagnosis.

A three years old female, non pregnant buffalo weighted about 280 Kg was admitted to the clinic of Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt suffering from anorexia and recurrent tympany. The animal was treated previously by nerve tonics, stomachics and rumen stimulant drugs without clinical improvement. the animal was subjected to clinical , radiographic and ultrasonographic examinations. Clinical examination of the animal showed normal parameters. The radiographic examination displayed normal appearance of the cranial abdomen and thorax except the presence of some blunt radiodense objects (small pieces of rock). The cardiac silhouette and its major vessels appeared clearly on the radiograph and was within normal geometry. The right side of the animal was examined sonographically as the left side. A large circumscribed anaechoic swelling with echogenic wall and distal acoustic enhancement was detected at the 6th intercostals space by applying the 3.5 MHz transducer parallel the ribs and the level of the elbow. Laparo-rumenotomy revealed a large circumscribed fluctuating swelling was detected at the cranio-ventral aspect of the pre-reticular tissue. It was detected from the right reticular wall. It could be concluded that conclude that the combinations of clinical, radiographical and ultrasonographical examinations of the animal provide an important information for the veterinarians to reach the accurate final diagnosis.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to study the effect of parity on the efficacy of an Ovsynch protocol in buffalo. Buffalo heifers (HE; n = 8) and cows (BC; n = 9) were used to monitor ovarian follicular dynamics and evaluate serum progesterone profiles during this protocol. A total of 385 control buffalo heifers (CHE; n = 219) and cows (CBC; n = 166) were used to compare conception rates following the application of this protocol. The heifers and cows were cycling. All treated animals were injected with GnRH on day 0, PGF2α on day 7, GnRH on day 9 and artificially inseminated 16 h later. Ovarian changes were monitored daily using ultrasound and serum progesterone (P4) evaluated in the investigated animals. All heifers and 5 cows had follicles >8 mm at the first GnRH injection. The first GnRH injection resulted in ovulation in 7/8 HE (87.5%) and 5/9 BC (55.5%). Following the second GnRH injection, ovulation occurred in 100% of HE and 88.8% of BC. Ovulation occurred earlier in BC (10.4 ± 7.6 h) following the second GnRH injection than in HE (22.6 ± 5.4 h). Average P4 concentrations of HE were higher than those of BC on day 7 (P 0.04). Conception rates were 62.5% (429/686) in HE, 59.8% (131/219) in CHE, 22.7% (62/273) in BC and 59.6% (99/166) in CBC. The present findings suggested that low conception rates in buffalo cows, compared to heifers, may be attributed to earlier ovulation and a less functional CL.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to study the effect of parity on the efficacy of an Ovsynch protocol in buffalo. Buffalo heifers (HE; n = 8) and cows (BC; n = 9) were used to monitor ovarian follicular dynamics and evaluate serum progesterone profiles during this protocol. A total of 385 control buffalo heifers (CHE; n = 219) and cows (CBC; n = 166) were used to compare conception rates following the application of this protocol. The heifers and cows were cycling. All treated animals were injected with GnRH on day 0, PGF2α on day 7, GnRH on day 9 and artificially inseminated 16 h later. Ovarian changes were monitored daily using ultrasound and serum progesterone (P4) evaluated in the investigated animals. All heifers and 5 cows had follicles >8 mm at the first GnRH injection. The first GnRH injection resulted in ovulation in 7/8 HE (87.5%) and 5/9 BC (55.5%). Following the second GnRH injection, ovulation occurred in 100% of HE and 88.8% of BC. Ovulation occurred earlier in BC (10.4 ± 7.6 h) following the second GnRH injection than in HE (22.6 ± 5.4 h). Average P4 concentrations of HE were higher than those of BC on day 7 (P 0.04). Conception rates were 62.5% (429/686) in HE, 59.8% (131/219) in CHE, 22.7% (62/273) in BC and 59.6% (99/166) in CBC. The present findings suggested that low conception rates in buffalo cows, compared to heifers, may be attributed to earlier ovulation and a less functional CL.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to study the effect of parity on the efficacy of an Ovsynch protocol in buffalo. Buffalo heifers (HE; n = 8) and cows (BC; n = 9) were used to monitor ovarian follicular dynamics and evaluate serum progesterone profiles during this protocol. A total of 385 control buffalo heifers (CHE; n = 219) and cows (CBC; n = 166) were used to compare conception rates following the application of this protocol. The heifers and cows were cycling. All treated animals were injected with GnRH on day 0, PGF2α on day 7, GnRH on day 9 and artificially inseminated 16 h later. Ovarian changes were monitored daily using ultrasound and serum progesterone (P4) evaluated in the investigated animals. All heifers and 5 cows had follicles >8 mm at the first GnRH injection. The first GnRH injection resulted in ovulation in 7/8 HE (87.5%) and 5/9 BC (55.5%). Following the second GnRH injection, ovulation occurred in 100% of HE and 88.8% of BC. Ovulation occurred earlier in BC (10.4 ± 7.6 h) following the second GnRH injection than in HE (22.6 ± 5.4 h). Average P4 concentrations of HE were higher than those of BC on day 7 (P 0.04). Conception rates were 62.5% (429/686) in HE, 59.8% (131/219) in CHE, 22.7% (62/273) in BC and 59.6% (99/166) in CBC. The present findings suggested that low conception rates in buffalo cows, compared to heifers, may be attributed to earlier ovulation and a less functional CL.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to study the effect of parity on the efficacy of an Ovsynch protocol in buffalo. Buffalo heifers (HE; n = 8) and cows (BC; n = 9) were used to monitor ovarian follicular dynamics and evaluate serum progesterone profiles during this protocol. A total of 385 control buffalo heifers (CHE; n = 219) and cows (CBC; n = 166) were used to compare conception rates following the application of this protocol. The heifers and cows were cycling. All treated animals were injected with GnRH on day 0, PGF2α on day 7, GnRH on day 9 and artificially inseminated 16 h later. Ovarian changes were monitored daily using ultrasound and serum progesterone (P4) evaluated in the investigated animals. All heifers and 5 cows had follicles >8 mm at the first GnRH injection. The first GnRH injection resulted in ovulation in 7/8 HE (87.5%) and 5/9 BC (55.5%). Following the second GnRH injection, ovulation occurred in 100% of HE and 88.8% of BC. Ovulation occurred earlier in BC (10.4 ± 7.6 h) following the second GnRH injection than in HE (22.6 ± 5.4 h). Average P4 concentrations of HE were higher than those of BC on day 7 (P 0.04). Conception rates were 62.5% (429/686) in HE, 59.8% (131/219) in CHE, 22.7% (62/273) in BC and 59.6% (99/166) in CBC. The present findings suggested that low conception rates in buffalo cows, compared to heifers, may be attributed to earlier ovulation and a less functional CL.