This study aimed to evaluate the effect of heat stress on quail hematological parameters. A total number of 300 Japanese quail chicks (Coturnix Coturnix japonica) of 28 days old were exposed to different levels of raising temperatures (22, 29, 34, 36 and 40 ºC) for 15 days. At 42 days old, blood samples were collected from 14 birds (7 males + 7 females) that were randomly selected. The samples were used for determining red blood cells count, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, total and differential white blood cells count, heterophils/ lymphocyte (H/L) ratio, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. The obtained results indicated that, rearing quail birds under high environmental conditions during fattening period has a great adverse effect on these blood parameters.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of heat stress on quail hematological parameters. A total number of 300 Japanese quail chicks (Coturnix Coturnix japonica) of 28 days old were exposed to different levels of raising temperatures (22, 29, 34, 36 and 40 ºC) for 15 days. At 42 days old, blood samples were collected from 14 birds (7 males + 7 females) that were randomly selected. The samples were used for determining red blood cells count, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, total and differential white blood cells count, heterophils/ lymphocyte (H/L) ratio, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. The obtained results indicated that, rearing quail birds under high environmental conditions during fattening period has a great adverse effect on these blood parameters.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of heat stress on quail hematological parameters. A total number of 300 Japanese quail chicks (Coturnix Coturnix japonica) of 28 days old were exposed to different levels of raising temperatures (22, 29, 34, 36 and 40 ºC) for 15 days. At 42 days old, blood samples were collected from 14 birds (7 males + 7 females) that were randomly selected. The samples were used for determining red blood cells count, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, total and differential white blood cells count, heterophils/ lymphocyte (H/L) ratio, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. The obtained results indicated that, rearing quail birds under high environmental conditions during fattening period has a great adverse effect on these blood parameters.

tA full glycoprotein E (gE) deletion was generated in genome of the Egyptian BoHV-1.1 Abu-Hammadstrain. Integrity of the gE negative (gE−) mutant virus was proved by successful specific PCR amplifica-tions of gB, gC, tk, gD, gI and gE genes along with definite immune reaction to polyclonal anti-BoHV-1antibody in infected cell culture. BoHV-1 gE−mutant exhibited growth kinetics inferior to those of theparental virus manifested as lower virus titers with delayed and poorer cytopathic effect in infected cells.Adjuvanted vaccines were made of the gE−mutant, live and killed; besides a conventional killed vaccinemade of the parental virus and were used to immunize separate groups of calves. After i.m. vaccinations,no virus shedding could be detected in nasal swabs collected from all vaccinates and all calves remainedapparently healthy. They all seroconverted to BoHV-1 as was revealed by virus neutralization test and agB enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Calves vaccinated with live and killed gE−vaccines didnot elicit any detectable anti-gE antibody as shown by a blocking gE-ELISA. In conclusion, the constructedBoHV-1.1 gE−mutant was proved as safe and immunogenic as a reliable candidate for inclusion in a localmarker vaccine.

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A study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on intestinal microflora and histomorphology of broilers. One-day-old Avian 48 chicks (n=100) were randomly assigned to 4 treatments (25 birds/treatment) for 6 week experiment. Each treatment consisted of 3 replicates (two replicate of 8 birds and one with 9 birds). Treatment groups were as follow: 1. Basal diet (control); 2. Basal diet plus Mannan- Oligosaccharide (MOS) at levels of 2 g /kg of the starter diets and 0.5 g/kg of the grower diets); 3. Basal diet plus probiotic (3 g/kg diet, Saccharomyces cerevisiae); and 4. Basal diet plus the combination of pre and probiotics (synbiotic). On d 21 and 42, 3 birds per treatment were sacrificed to evaluate gut morphology and microbiology. Duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and cecum microflora composition and intestinal histomorphology were determined. The final body weight (BW), weight gain, feed conversion efficiency were significantly (p0.05) higher in probiotic and synbiotic supplemented broilers compared with the control and prebiotic groups. Concentrations of bacteria belonging to Lactobacillus spp. in the duodenum and jejunum digesta at d 42 were significantly (P 0.05) higher in prebiotic supplemented broilers compared with the control and synbiotic treatments. However, synbiotic supplementation maintaining populations of unprofitable or potential pathogens (E. coli) at relatively low levels (numerically) in the small intestinal and cecal digesta. In addition, the total aerobes and coliform colony count were not significantly affected by any of the dietary treatment. Morphology data for the small intestine showed that synbiotic supplemented broilers had significantly higher (p 0.05) villus height in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum in comparison with the other treatments. The crypt depths were numerically (p > 0.05) decreased in duodenum and ileum in synbiotic supplemented broilers. In addition, the age had significant effect on intestinal histomorphology. Moreover, the interaction between dietary treatment and age did not affect (p > 0.05) any of the intestinal histomorphological parameters.

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the combination of vitamin E (Vit E) and selenium (Se) injection on semen quality, testes measures and some blood parameters of Ossimi rams. Fourteen mature healthy Ossimi rams were randomly divided into two equal groups (7 rams in each). The first group served as control (CG), while 2nd group served as treatment group (TG). Rams of the TG were treated twice weekly with 5 mg sodium selenite and 450 mg Vit E for 1 month. Semen quantity (semen volume, and concentration of the semen ejaculated) and quality (mass motility and percentage of live and dead cells) were recorded twice weekly. Blood samples collection, testes measurements (testis length (TL), breadth (TB); and scrotal circumference (SC)) using measuring tape and caliper were recorded. Sonar examination of the testes (mediastinum testes and tunica albugenia) and all accessory gland measurements were performed every 2 weeks. Semen quality and quantity were significantly affected by treatments: the ejaculate volume, mass activity and sperm concentration increased (p 0.01) in treated rams in comparison with control ones. The percentages of dead and abnormal spermatozoa were reduced in the treated groups. Also ordinary testes measurements and sonar examination were mostly improved though the differences were not statistically significant. Pen libido test showed reduced reaction time for the first mount in treated rams. Serum testosterone, glutathione peroxidase and other blood parameters were elevated (p 0.05) in treated group in comparison with the control one. The results of this experiment confirm that injections of the combination of Vit E and Se during the breeding season improved semen characteristics and the overall reproductive performance of Ossimi rams.