The Homrit Waggat granite is a composite granite pluton intruded in metamorphosed volcano-sedimentary association and the metagabbro-diorite complex to the east and north and tonalite-granodiorite suite to the south and northeast. Mineralogically and geochemically the granite phases change from subsolvus peraluminous granodiorite to hypersolvus metaluminous and highly evolved alkali feldspar granite, passing through biotite and mylonitized biotite granites. Late to post-magmatic processes are represented by marginal stockscheider amazonite pegmatite, marginal amazonite albite as well as greisen zone up to 30 m2. Increasing of SiO2, alkalis, Rb, F, Nb, Ta, Sn, Ga, HREEs and Y, and decreasing of Fe, Al, Mg, Ca, Mn, Ti, Sr, Ba, Zr, and LREEs from the biotite granodiorite to hypersolvus alkali feldspar granite reflects magmatic fractionation processes of Homrit Waggat granite phases. LREEs fractionation patterns as well as Eu anomalies decrease from granodiorite to the alkali feldspar granite and the latter displays flat patterns. In the hypersolvus alkali feldspar granite, Ga/Al ratio is typically of A-type granite, but not their Zr, Y, or Ce enrichments. In addition, the hypersolvus granite is characterized by low-P2O5 and the LREEs>>HREEs depletion which reflects the initial undersaturation of accessory mineral assemblage that resulted from high concentration of volatiles and/or alkali complexes. The behaviour of REEs and Zr in the mentioned phases is consistent with F- content as well as accessory minerals in the studied granites. Trace elements pattern in the spider diagram show significant depletion in Sr, Ba, P and Ti, and enrichment in Rb, Th and U. The Sr, Ba, P and Ti depletion could be related to fractionation of plagioclase, apatite and ilmenite. Zircon saturation temperature (Tzr) calculated from bulk rock composition for Homrit Waggat granites range between 809°C and 765°C. These values are consistent with low temperature granite which crystallized from a source melt saturated with zirconium concentrations via partial melting of I- type granite magma may be granodioritic in composition. The highly evolved alkali feldspar granite was formed from the initial granodioritic I-type melt via fractional crystallization. F-rich melt and F-complexing played an important role in the evolution and chemical characterization of the highly evolved hypersolvus alkali feldspar granite. Four stages of mineralization were detected in the Homrit Waggat granite. These stages are magmatic, pegmatitic, metasomatic and veins. Columbite, cassiterite, fluorite as well as undifferentiated rare earth minerals are detected.

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Abstract: The enhancement of sub-barrier fusion has been interpreted due to coupling between the relative motion and other degrees of freedom. The coupling gives rise to the distribution of fusion barriers and passage over the lowest barrier which is responsible for fusion enhancement at energies below the barrier. There are several orders of magnitude could be considered due to the tunneling through the barrier. The barrier height could be deduced from the measured cross section data for different energies, as well as using many empirical forms for incomplete and complete fusion of two massive nuclei. Firstly, we present a formula for barrier height (ODEFF)and check, over wide ranges of interacting pairs the percentage agreement with those calculated or measured values for all pairs within ZPZT≤ 3000. Secondly,the more recently measured excitation functions are studied using four models of nuclear forces , indicating that most of them can be used for wide energy range while the others failed to do so. We refer this notice to the theory deducing the model . For this, the 14 undertaken pairs recover the range 18 ≤ ZPZT ≤ 1320

Abstract:The term fusion barrier distribution provides a clear method to test the effect of nuclear structure on the behavior of nuclear matter and dynamics of nuclear reactions,especially for energies where penetrability effects are considered. It presents an unexpected enhancement, as compared with convent ional models of tunneling through a one-dimensional penetration model.The quantum mechanical barrier penetration effects play a central role, where the fusion cross section has been vanished suddenly as the bombarding energy becomes less than the barrier.We concluded that Wong form is the more exact and acceptable form to deduce the excitation functions as well as the barrier distribution for heavy ion fusion when concerning channel coupling and tunneling effects in comparison with the one dimension barrier penetration function.

Abstract: In the current paper, we propose two types of quark-antiquar k( Q ̄ Q ) interactions, which may be tailored to describe various meson sectors. The interactions contain Quantum Chromodyn amics (QCD) inspired components, such as the Coulomb-like i nteraction, the confinement linear potential, and the spin-spin interac tion. Our scheme relies on the non-relativistic quark model through the introduction of two derived QCD potential models and the mat rix method numerical scheme. The application of the two prop osed potentials resulted in spectra for quark-antiquark bound s tates, which are compared with published experimental data . We found that one of the two potentials is favored over the other in terms of high precision comparisons. Keywords: Matrix method, Quarkonium, Charmonium, Heavy mesons, Radi al Schrdinger equation.

Abstract:- There are many calculation algorithms used in treatment planning systems (TPSs) for external beam radiotherapy. The algorithm input data required to implement a treatment unit in the TPS which generated by PBC and AAA are the beam reference data needed for the subsequent evaluation of the dose calculation algorithm. Problems associated with conventional measurements, e.g., detector limitations and accelerator stability can be circumvented. The success of the implementations was determined by the ability of the dose calculation algorithms to reproduce the algorithm input data, and in most cases the agreement was within +-2%. The ability of the virtual photon accelerator to generate total dose of both primary and phantom-scattered components were used to study the performance of two dose calculation algorithms in the presence of air medium like lung organ. Studies of the beam model and the handling of patient-specific inserts in the dose calculation algorithm were possible due to the ability to utilized for photons is the possibility of evaluating the accuracy achievable in anthropomorphic phantoms based on patient X-ray computed tomography data. Materials and Methods Varian linear accelerator DMX, TPS Eclipse (version 10.33), Absolute dosimetry and relative dosimetry system (PTW, Freiburg,Germany ) and 2D array were used . Results the Calculation of algorithm AAA is more precise and accurate than the algorithm PBC in heterogeneity medium in comparison with practical measurement Conclusion the extent of the effort required to carry out a validation study of the complexity of that described here precludes its use as a routine component of TPS commissioning. A realistic and justfiable recommendation is that commissioning includes tests aimed at confirming that raw beam data have been entered correctly and that the operation of the system is understood. In summary, the study tell us that the observed deviations between TPS calculated using Eclipse version 10.33 and measured dose in the present of heterogeneous medium are well within the tolerance levels. The study also show that the use of Eclipse (version 10.33) TPS, AAA algorithms is recording significant improvement than the previous TPS versions especially in the present of low density inhomogeneity.

An analytical expression for the off-axis magnetic field of an iron-free coil was derived. The electron ray through the field was traced using the iterative method. Special attention was ,therefore,paid to the development of a computer program for calculating the electron trajectory in a system of magnetic lenses with the aid of the general ray equation. The accuracy at each stage may be checked the using energy equation.