Two quinic acid esters, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1) and 5-O-coumaroylquinic acid (2); three myricetin glycosides, myricetin 3-O--L-rhamnopyranosyl(1′′′6′′)-D-galactopyranoside (3), myricetin 3-O--D-glucuronide (4), and myricetin 3-O--D-galactopyranoside (5); 1,6-digalloyl--D-glucose (6); and (+)-catechin (7) were isolated and identified for the first time from the leaves of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi. Furthermore, investigation of tannic acid content was carried out by HPLC.

-amyrin acetate (1), -amyrone (2), 3-friedelanol (3), taraxerol (4), stigmasterol (5), -amyrin (6), -amyrin (7), oleanolic acid (8), stigmasterol 3-O--D-glucopyranoside (9), kaempferol (10), kaempferol 3-O--D-glucopyranoside (11), kaempferol 3-O--L-rhamnopyranosyl-(16)--D-glucopyranoside (12) and kaempferol 3-O--L-rhamnopyranosyl-(16)--D-galactopyranoside (13) were isolated for the first time from the methanolic extract of Ficus benjamina L. leaves. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods in addition to comparison with literature data and/or authentic samples. The methanolic extract of F. benjamina L. leaves was investigated for the anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antipyretic activities in animal models. It exhibited significant anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antipyretic activities.

Sixteen phenolic compounds, scopoletin (1), isoliquiritigenin 4-methyl ether (2), luteolin 5,3-dimethyl ether (3), luteolin 7,3-dimethyl ether (4), aureusidin 4-methyl ether (5), apigenin (6), luteolin (7), trans- ferulic acid (8), luteolin 4-O--D-glucopyranoside (9), luteolin 7-O--D-glucopyranoside (10), quercetin 3-O--D-glucopyranoside (11), apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside (12), kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside (13), quercetin 3-O-rutinoside (14), kaempferol 3-O-[2-O-D-xylopyranosyl-6-O--L-rhamnopyranosyl]--D-glucopyranoside (15) and kaempferol 3-O-[2-O-D-glucopyranosyl-6-O--L-rhamnopyranosyl]--D-glucopyranoside (16) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the inflorescences of Cyperus alopecuroides Rottb. for the first time. Their structures have been established on basis of physical, chemical and spectroscopic methods in addition to comparison with literature data and/or authentic samples. The antioxidant and cytotoxic activities in addition to -amylase inhibitory activity of the isolated compounds have been studied.

Sixteen phenolic compounds, scopoletin (1), isoliquiritigenin 4-methyl ether (2), luteolin 5,3-dimethyl ether (3), luteolin 7,3-dimethyl ether (4), aureusidin 4-methyl ether (5), apigenin (6), luteolin (7), trans- ferulic acid (8), luteolin 4-O--D-glucopyranoside (9), luteolin 7-O--D-glucopyranoside (10), quercetin 3-O--D-glucopyranoside (11), apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside (12), kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside (13), quercetin 3-O-rutinoside (14), kaempferol 3-O-[2-O-D-xylopyranosyl-6-O--L-rhamnopyranosyl]--D-glucopyranoside (15) and kaempferol 3-O-[2-O-D-glucopyranosyl-6-O--L-rhamnopyranosyl]--D-glucopyranoside (16) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the inflorescences of Cyperus alopecuroides Rottb. for the first time. Their structures have been established on basis of physical, chemical and spectroscopic methods in addition to comparison with literature data and/or authentic samples. The antioxidant and cytotoxic activities in addition to -amylase inhibitory activity of the isolated compounds have been studied.

Mandelonitrile--D-glucopyranoside (prunasin) (1), kaempferol- 3-O--D-galactopyranoside (2), kaempferol-3-O--D-glucopyranoside (3), quercetin-3-O--D-glucopyranoside (4), mandelic acid amide--D-glucopyranoside (5), kaempferol-3-O-[-D-glucopyranosyl-(14)--D-galactopyranoside] (6), mandelonitrile--D-glucopyranosyl-(16)- -D- glucopyranoside (amygdalin) (7) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the leaves of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch “Meet Ghamr” peach. Furthermore, persicogenin (8), naringenin (9), aromadenderin (10), eriodictyol (11), persicogenin-3-O--D-glucopyranoside (12) and hesperitin-5-O--D-glucopyranoside (13) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the stem bark of the title plant. All these compounds were isolated for the first time from “Meet Ghamr“ peach while compounds 5 and 6 were firstly reported from the genus Prunus. Identification of these compounds has been established by physical, chemical and spectral methods (UV, IR, FAB-MS, 1-D-and 2-D NMR).

Mandelonitrile--D-glucopyranoside (prunasin) (1), kaempferol- 3-O--D-galactopyranoside (2), kaempferol-3-O--D-glucopyranoside (3), quercetin-3-O--D-glucopyranoside (4), mandelic acid amide--D-glucopyranoside (5), kaempferol-3-O-[-D-glucopyranosyl-(14)--D-galactopyranoside] (6), mandelonitrile--D-glucopyranosyl-(16)- -D- glucopyranoside (amygdalin) (7) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the leaves of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch “Meet Ghamr” peach. Furthermore, persicogenin (8), naringenin (9), aromadenderin (10), eriodictyol (11), persicogenin-3-O--D-glucopyranoside (12) and hesperitin-5-O--D-glucopyranoside (13) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the stem bark of the title plant. All these compounds were isolated for the first time from “Meet Ghamr“ peach while compounds 5 and 6 were firstly reported from the genus Prunus. Identification of these compounds has been established by physical, chemical and spectral methods (UV, IR, FAB-MS, 1-D-and 2-D NMR).