Abstract Tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces apoptosis in U-1242 MG cells. To investigate the molecular events involved in this process, we studied the effects of TRAIL on the localization within membrane fractions of molecules critical to the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. We report here that death receptor-5 (DR5), tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (TNF-R1), and Fas receptor (FasR) are all located in the caveolin-1-enriched membrane fractions, and TRAIL caused the translocation of DR5, FasR, and TNF-R1 to the caveolar fractions. Caspase-8 is mainly located outside of caveolae, but TRAIL caused it to redistribute to the caveolin-1-enriched fractions where it was cleaved. Within 6 hours, the cleaved caspase-8 appeared in the high-density, noncaveolin fractions. Using confocal microscopy, we found that DR5, caspase-8, and caveolin-1 became progressively concentrated in blebs of plasmalemma as they formed in response to TRAIL. Our results provide the first evidence for the caveolar localization of TNF-R1 and DR5 and the coordinated redistribution among membrane fractions of several death receptors in response to TRAIL. We propose that the coordinated movement of these molecules among membrane compartments is probably an important component of the mechanisms regulating and initiating the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in human glioma cells.

Conclusions: Initial urethral realignment for posterior urethral distraction injuries helps to avoid later urethroplasty in up to 50% of cases with better functional outcome regarding continence and potency. Larger series and multicenter studies are needed to emphasize these results

Primary endoscopic realignment is not a definitive management but it should be considered as an initial management associated with lower incidence of later urethroplasty by 50% of cases with better functional outcome regarding continence and potency. No statistically significant difference between the outcomes of the delayed primary and the delayed urethroplasty. Transperineal repair could be done as early as 7 days of trauma. So it is either to do early urethroplasty or to leave the patient with aligned urethra over a catheter