ABSTRACT The study was carried out to determine the clinical course and epidemiological pattern of intestinal nematodes in dogs in Upper Egypt, and their impact on various hematological and biochemical parameters. A total number of 120 dogs (Age =1 month to 3 year), both sex and of different breed’s size (small and large) were included in the present study. Parasitological, clinical, hemato-biochemical and epidemiological examinations were conducted. Microscopic analysis of fecal samples (n=120) revealed three types of intestinal nematodes: Toxocara canis (n= 28), Toxascaris leonina (n =5), Ancylostoma caninum (n = 4) and mixed infection of Toxocara canis and Dipylidium caninum (n =2) with an overall infection rate 32.5% (39/120). Toxocara canis was predominate type of nematodal parasite infection in the studied population (23.3%). Puppies (0-3 months) were greatly affected with intestinal nematodes (54.8%), in particularly Toxocara canis (45.2%). Infected puppies showed off food, pale mucous membrane diarrhea abdominal bloating with potbellied appearance and vomiting. Other group of examined animals (n= 54) showed no clinical signs (asymptomatic) however a portion of this group (25.9%) was infected suggesting that absence of clinical symptoms was not an evidence of the absence of infection. Sex and breed showed non-significant differences (P>0.05) on infection rate of intestinal nematodes but season had high impact on nematodal infection The infection rate showed significant (P0.05) increasing in winter (42.3%) and autumn (43.8%) with a maximum infection rate reported in December (60%) and January (56.5%). Hematological data generated from 35 blood samples of infected and 40 samples of healthy dog populations showed significant decrease (P>0.05) in erythrocytic parameters (RBCs, Hb, PCV) and platelets count in infected group, whereas group differences for TWBCs, neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils and basophils were non-significant high. Biochemical data generated revealed significant decrease (P >0.01) in the value of serum total protein in infected group. Liver enzymes showed significant increase (P>0.01) in serum AST, ALT and ALP in infected group compared with healthy one. In conclusion, intestinal nematode in dogs was common in Upper Egypt with infection rate of 32.5% and Toxocara canis was the most common nematode infection (23.3%). They have significant effects on hematological and biochemical parameters suggestin g their importance as a health problem in dogs.

Abstract Background: Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) is a progressive, destructive disease of the bones and joints. Charcot ankle and hind foot deformities are challenging to treat, and arthrodesis is the method of choice in correcting these deformities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of ankle fusion by narrow DCP through anterior approach in cases with Charcot neuroarthropathy of the ankle. Methods: A prospective study of 17 patients (12 men) at an average follow-up time of 41.18 (25-60) months. The indications for surgery were Charcot neuroarthropathy of the ankle with non-braceable deformity and instability with impending ulceration and/or arthritis. The mean age was 57.06 (46 years to 70 years) years, mean body mass index was 36.59 (range 26-47) and mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 20.12 (6 years to 46 years) years. Results: The mean operative time was 56.18 (40 to 70) minutes. Bony fusion achieved radiologically in 10 feet (58.8%); with a mean time to union of 6.65 (4 to 10) months; the remaining patients had a stable painless fibrous union. The AOFAS- hind foot scale improved from average preoperative score of 53.3 ± 5.2 to average postoperative score of 77.5 ± 9.2. Complications include two minor infection, two deep infection and two proud screws. Conclusions: Fusion of Charcot ankle with narrow DCP using a single anterior incision is a simple economic method, with less soft tissue disruption, ease of deformity correction, and high rate of patient satisfaction.

Abstract Background: Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) is a progressive, destructive disease of the bones and joints. Charcot ankle and hind foot deformities are challenging to treat, and arthrodesis is the method of choice in correcting these deformities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of ankle fusion by narrow DCP through anterior approach in cases with Charcot neuroarthropathy of the ankle. Methods: A prospective study of 17 patients (12 men) at an average follow-up time of 41.18 (25-60) months. The indications for surgery were Charcot neuroarthropathy of the ankle with non-braceable deformity and instability with impending ulceration and/or arthritis. The mean age was 57.06 (46 years to 70 years) years, mean body mass index was 36.59 (range 26-47) and mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 20.12 (6 years to 46 years) years. Results: The mean operative time was 56.18 (40 to 70) minutes. Bony fusion achieved radiologically in 10 feet (58.8%); with a mean time to union of 6.65 (4 to 10) months; the remaining patients had a stable painless fibrous union. The AOFAS- hind foot scale improved from average preoperative score of 53.3 ± 5.2 to average postoperative score of 77.5 ± 9.2. Complications include two minor infection, two deep infection and two proud screws. Conclusions: Fusion of Charcot ankle with narrow DCP using a single anterior incision is a simple economic method, with less soft tissue disruption, ease of deformity correction, and high rate of patient satisfaction.

Abstract Background: Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) is a progressive, destructive disease of the bones and joints. Charcot ankle and hind foot deformities are challenging to treat, and arthrodesis is the method of choice in correcting these deformities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of ankle fusion by narrow DCP through anterior approach in cases with Charcot neuroarthropathy of the ankle. Methods: A prospective study of 17 patients (12 men) at an average follow-up time of 41.18 (25-60) months. The indications for surgery were Charcot neuroarthropathy of the ankle with non-braceable deformity and instability with impending ulceration and/or arthritis. The mean age was 57.06 (46 years to 70 years) years, mean body mass index was 36.59 (range 26-47) and mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 20.12 (6 years to 46 years) years. Results: The mean operative time was 56.18 (40 to 70) minutes. Bony fusion achieved radiologically in 10 feet (58.8%); with a mean time to union of 6.65 (4 to 10) months; the remaining patients had a stable painless fibrous union. The AOFAS- hind foot scale improved from average preoperative score of 53.3 ± 5.2 to average postoperative score of 77.5 ± 9.2. Complications include two minor infection, two deep infection and two proud screws. Conclusions: Fusion of Charcot ankle with narrow DCP using a single anterior incision is a simple economic method, with less soft tissue disruption, ease of deformity correction, and high rate of patient satisfaction.

Abstract Background: Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) is a progressive, destructive disease of the bones and joints. Charcot ankle and hind foot deformities are challenging to treat, and arthrodesis is the method of choice in correcting these deformities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of ankle fusion by narrow DCP through anterior approach in cases with Charcot neuroarthropathy of the ankle. Methods: A prospective study of 17 patients (12 men) at an average follow-up time of 41.18 (25-60) months. The indications for surgery were Charcot neuroarthropathy of the ankle with non-braceable deformity and instability with impending ulceration and/or arthritis. The mean age was 57.06 (46 years to 70 years) years, mean body mass index was 36.59 (range 26-47) and mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 20.12 (6 years to 46 years) years. Results: The mean operative time was 56.18 (40 to 70) minutes. Bony fusion achieved radiologically in 10 feet (58.8%); with a mean time to union of 6.65 (4 to 10) months; the remaining patients had a stable painless fibrous union. The AOFAS- hind foot scale improved from average preoperative score of 53.3 ± 5.2 to average postoperative score of 77.5 ± 9.2. Complications include two minor infection, two deep infection and two proud screws. Conclusions: Fusion of Charcot ankle with narrow DCP using a single anterior incision is a simple economic method, with less soft tissue disruption, ease of deformity correction, and high rate of patient satisfaction.

Abstract Introduction: Angular deformities of the pediatric knees result in pain, gait disturbance, early joint degeneration, and cosmetic problems. Most of them are physiological and resolve spontaneously before the age of eight years. Persistent angular deformities must be corrected. Different methods are used to correct these deformities; Osteotomy, stapling, percutaneous drill technique and transphyseal screw. These all were reported with several complications. 8-Plate temporary hemiepiphysiodesis is a new idea yielding good results with less complications. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the rate of correction of angular deformities by eight-Plate hemiepiphysiodesis. Methods: twenty-three patients (50 physes, 35 limbs) underwent treatment between January 2016 and June 2017 with average follow-up after plate implantation of 8.2 months (range, 3 - 18 months). Rate of correction of this intervention was calculated. Results: Average age at eight-Plate implantation was 5.7 ± 3.1 years (age range, 3 years to 12 years). Mechanical tibiofemoral angle changed by an average 12.3° ± 7°, (range 3° to 26.67°) or 1.7° ± 1.1°/month, (range 0.14° to 4.5°/month). Mechanical lateral distal femoral angle changed by an average 8.6° ± 2.8° (range, 4° to 14°) or 1.3° ± 0.6°/month (range, 0.6° to 2°/month). Medial proximal tibial angle changed by an average 8.6° ± 6.1° (range, 3° to 20°) or 1° ± 0.7°/month (range, 0.4° to 2.6°/month). Conclusion: 8-Plate hemiepiphysiodesis is an effective method for correcting angular deformities of the knee in skeletally immature patients.

Abstract Introduction: Angular deformities of the pediatric knees result in pain, gait disturbance, early joint degeneration, and cosmetic problems. Most of them are physiological and resolve spontaneously before the age of eight years. Persistent angular deformities must be corrected. Different methods are used to correct these deformities; Osteotomy, stapling, percutaneous drill technique and transphyseal screw. These all were reported with several complications. 8-Plate temporary hemiepiphysiodesis is a new idea yielding good results with less complications. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the rate of correction of angular deformities by eight-Plate hemiepiphysiodesis. Methods: twenty-three patients (50 physes, 35 limbs) underwent treatment between January 2016 and June 2017 with average follow-up after plate implantation of 8.2 months (range, 3 - 18 months). Rate of correction of this intervention was calculated. Results: Average age at eight-Plate implantation was 5.7 ± 3.1 years (age range, 3 years to 12 years). Mechanical tibiofemoral angle changed by an average 12.3° ± 7°, (range 3° to 26.67°) or 1.7° ± 1.1°/month, (range 0.14° to 4.5°/month). Mechanical lateral distal femoral angle changed by an average 8.6° ± 2.8° (range, 4° to 14°) or 1.3° ± 0.6°/month (range, 0.6° to 2°/month). Medial proximal tibial angle changed by an average 8.6° ± 6.1° (range, 3° to 20°) or 1° ± 0.7°/month (range, 0.4° to 2.6°/month). Conclusion: 8-Plate hemiepiphysiodesis is an effective method for correcting angular deformities of the knee in skeletally immature patients.

Abstract Introduction: Angular deformities of the pediatric knees result in pain, gait disturbance, early joint degeneration, and cosmetic problems. Most of them are physiological and resolve spontaneously before the age of eight years. Persistent angular deformities must be corrected. Different methods are used to correct these deformities; Osteotomy, stapling, percutaneous drill technique and transphyseal screw. These all were reported with several complications. 8-Plate temporary hemiepiphysiodesis is a new idea yielding good results with less complications. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the rate of correction of angular deformities by eight-Plate hemiepiphysiodesis. Methods: twenty-three patients (50 physes, 35 limbs) underwent treatment between January 2016 and June 2017 with average follow-up after plate implantation of 8.2 months (range, 3 - 18 months). Rate of correction of this intervention was calculated. Results: Average age at eight-Plate implantation was 5.7 ± 3.1 years (age range, 3 years to 12 years). Mechanical tibiofemoral angle changed by an average 12.3° ± 7°, (range 3° to 26.67°) or 1.7° ± 1.1°/month, (range 0.14° to 4.5°/month). Mechanical lateral distal femoral angle changed by an average 8.6° ± 2.8° (range, 4° to 14°) or 1.3° ± 0.6°/month (range, 0.6° to 2°/month). Medial proximal tibial angle changed by an average 8.6° ± 6.1° (range, 3° to 20°) or 1° ± 0.7°/month (range, 0.4° to 2.6°/month). Conclusion: 8-Plate hemiepiphysiodesis is an effective method for correcting angular deformities of the knee in skeletally immature patients.

the current study showed that the dermaroller was superior to the TCA CROSS (80%) in term of improvement of atrophic post acne scars as detected by photo evaluation (higher percentage of excellent improvement and percentage of improvement) and Goodman and Baron scale (higher percentage of patients having macular scars after treatment) however, no significant difference was detected as regard the patient satisfaction. We would recommend PCI over 80% TCA CROSS for treatment of rolling acne scars, PCI maybe more suitable for patients with a history of skin dyschromia because of a higher incidence of consequent postinflammatory hyperpigmentation with 80% TCA CROSS. TCA CROSS is better to be used in the treatment of ice pick acne scars where it is more suitable for patients who cannot tolerate pain, patients with fair skin, and patients with deep scars that cannot be fully reached with a dermaroller. In addition, it is less invasive and more economic modality especially in developing countries. More than one session is also recommended because greater improvement is achieved after multiple sessions with both techniques, especially PCI. Combining both procedures may have an even better response. أجريت الدراسة على 34مريض مصاب بندبات حب الشباب الضامرة مقسمين إلى مجموعتين المجموعة الأولى اشتملت على 19 مريض ومريضة تم استخدام جهاز سنفرة الجلد (الديرمارولر ) في علاج ندباتهم الضامرة بأجراء (4 جلسات وما بين كل جلسة والأخرى 4 أسابيع ) والمجموعة الثانية تم علاج ندباتهم بجلسات حمض الترايكلورواسيتيك 80% ( 5 جلسات بين كل جلسة والأخرى أسبوعين ) وقد تم تقييم المرضى عن طريق استخدام الصور قبل وبعد الجلسات ومدى رضي المرضى وحدوث اى أثار جانبية . وتلخصت النتائج فيما يلى : تحسن جميع المرضى المشمولين في الدراسة فى المجموعتين ولكن درجة التحسن فى الندبات كانت اعلي وبدلاله إحصائية فى المجموعة الأولى والتي تم علاجها باستخدام الديرمارولر بنسبة (59.8%) مقارنة بالمجموعة الثانية والتى تم علاجها باستخدام حمض الترايكلورواسيتيك 80% بنسبة (42.7%) ( 0.025 = p _value ) ولكن لم يكن هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية فى درجة رضى المرضى بين المجموعتين وكانت المضاعفات أكثر فى المجموعة الثانية وبالذات فيما يخص التصبغ الجلدى بعد الجلسات.

the current study showed that the dermaroller was superior to the TCA CROSS (80%) in term of improvement of atrophic post acne scars as detected by photo evaluation (higher percentage of excellent improvement and percentage of improvement) and Goodman and Baron scale (higher percentage of patients having macular scars after treatment) however, no significant difference was detected as regard the patient satisfaction. We would recommend PCI over 80% TCA CROSS for treatment of rolling acne scars, PCI maybe more suitable for patients with a history of skin dyschromia because of a higher incidence of consequent postinflammatory hyperpigmentation with 80% TCA CROSS. TCA CROSS is better to be used in the treatment of ice pick acne scars where it is more suitable for patients who cannot tolerate pain, patients with fair skin, and patients with deep scars that cannot be fully reached with a dermaroller. In addition, it is less invasive and more economic modality especially in developing countries. More than one session is also recommended because greater improvement is achieved after multiple sessions with both techniques, especially PCI. Combining both procedures may have an even better response. أجريت الدراسة على 34مريض مصاب بندبات حب الشباب الضامرة مقسمين إلى مجموعتين المجموعة الأولى اشتملت على 19 مريض ومريضة تم استخدام جهاز سنفرة الجلد (الديرمارولر ) في علاج ندباتهم الضامرة بأجراء (4 جلسات وما بين كل جلسة والأخرى 4 أسابيع ) والمجموعة الثانية تم علاج ندباتهم بجلسات حمض الترايكلورواسيتيك 80% ( 5 جلسات بين كل جلسة والأخرى أسبوعين ) وقد تم تقييم المرضى عن طريق استخدام الصور قبل وبعد الجلسات ومدى رضي المرضى وحدوث اى أثار جانبية . وتلخصت النتائج فيما يلى : تحسن جميع المرضى المشمولين في الدراسة فى المجموعتين ولكن درجة التحسن فى الندبات كانت اعلي وبدلاله إحصائية فى المجموعة الأولى والتي تم علاجها باستخدام الديرمارولر بنسبة (59.8%) مقارنة بالمجموعة الثانية والتى تم علاجها باستخدام حمض الترايكلورواسيتيك 80% بنسبة (42.7%) ( 0.025 = p _value ) ولكن لم يكن هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية فى درجة رضى المرضى بين المجموعتين وكانت المضاعفات أكثر فى المجموعة الثانية وبالذات فيما يخص التصبغ الجلدى بعد الجلسات.