Background: Doxorubicin (Dox) is a powerful and greatly effective drug in cancer. However, its clinical usefulness is still restricted due to its specific toxicity to the cardiac tissue. Vitamin E is a well-known antioxidant used as a dietary supplement. Aim of the work: To evaluate the possible protective effects of vitamin E against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Material and Methods: Forty 3-months adult male albino rats weighing 200-250 gm were divided into four equal groups: Group (I): served as a negative control and received no treatment. Group (II): served as a positive control and treated with an intraperitoneal injection of 0.9% sodium chloride saline once daily for one week. Group (III): treated with 4mg Dox/kg b.w./ day intraperitoneally for one week. Group (IV): was pretreated with 100mg vitamin E/kg body weight/day orally for 2 weeks followed by a combination of an intraperitoneal injection of Dox and oral vitamin E for one week in the same previous doses. Then, the animals were anaesthetized and blood samples were utilized for measurement of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), triglyceride, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C). Animals were sacrificed, and a portion of each heart was taken from all groups for determination of the levels of total cardiac antioxidant capacity (TAC). The remaining portions of the heart muscle were prepared for light and electron microscopic studies. Results: Administration of Dox resulted in histological alterations in the form of vacuolated disorganized cardiac muscle fibers, degenerated mitochondria and congested dilated blood vessels. Also, significant decreases of cardiac TAC and serum HDL-C and increases of serum levels of LDH, CK, triglyceride and total cholesterol of Dox-treated group were noticed in comparison with the control ones. Pre and concomitant administration of vitamin E with Dox improved these alterations. Conclusion: Vitamin E ameliorates the cardiac damage induced by Dox.

Background: Doxorubicin (Dox) is a powerful and greatly effective drug in cancer. However, its clinical usefulness is still restricted due to its specific toxicity to the cardiac tissue. Vitamin E is a well-known antioxidant used as a dietary supplement. Aim of the work: To evaluate the possible protective effects of vitamin E against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Material and Methods: Forty 3-months adult male albino rats weighing 200-250 gm were divided into four equal groups: Group (I): served as a negative control and received no treatment. Group (II): served as a positive control and treated with an intraperitoneal injection of 0.9% sodium chloride saline once daily for one week. Group (III): treated with 4mg Dox/kg b.w./ day intraperitoneally for one week. Group (IV): was pretreated with 100mg vitamin E/kg body weight/day orally for 2 weeks followed by a combination of an intraperitoneal injection of Dox and oral vitamin E for one week in the same previous doses. Then, the animals were anaesthetized and blood samples were utilized for measurement of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), triglyceride, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C). Animals were sacrificed, and a portion of each heart was taken from all groups for determination of the levels of total cardiac antioxidant capacity (TAC). The remaining portions of the heart muscle were prepared for light and electron microscopic studies. Results: Administration of Dox resulted in histological alterations in the form of vacuolated disorganized cardiac muscle fibers, degenerated mitochondria and congested dilated blood vessels. Also, significant decreases of cardiac TAC and serum HDL-C and increases of serum levels of LDH, CK, triglyceride and total cholesterol of Dox-treated group were noticed in comparison with the control ones. Pre and concomitant administration of vitamin E with Dox improved these alterations. Conclusion: Vitamin E ameliorates the cardiac damage induced by Dox.

Background: Doxorubicin (Dox) is a powerful and greatly effective drug in cancer. However, its clinical usefulness is still restricted due to its specific toxicity to the cardiac tissue. Vitamin E is a well-known antioxidant used as a dietary supplement. Aim of the work: To evaluate the possible protective effects of vitamin E against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Material and Methods: Forty 3-months adult male albino rats weighing 200-250 gm were divided into four equal groups: Group (I): served as a negative control and received no treatment. Group (II): served as a positive control and treated with an intraperitoneal injection of 0.9% sodium chloride saline once daily for one week. Group (III): treated with 4mg Dox/kg b.w./ day intraperitoneally for one week. Group (IV): was pretreated with 100mg vitamin E/kg body weight/day orally for 2 weeks followed by a combination of an intraperitoneal injection of Dox and oral vitamin E for one week in the same previous doses. Then, the animals were anaesthetized and blood samples were utilized for measurement of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), triglyceride, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C). Animals were sacrificed, and a portion of each heart was taken from all groups for determination of the levels of total cardiac antioxidant capacity (TAC). The remaining portions of the heart muscle were prepared for light and electron microscopic studies. Results: Administration of Dox resulted in histological alterations in the form of vacuolated disorganized cardiac muscle fibers, degenerated mitochondria and congested dilated blood vessels. Also, significant decreases of cardiac TAC and serum HDL-C and increases of serum levels of LDH, CK, triglyceride and total cholesterol of Dox-treated group were noticed in comparison with the control ones. Pre and concomitant administration of vitamin E with Dox improved these alterations. Conclusion: Vitamin E ameliorates the cardiac damage induced by Dox.

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Background: The most common disorders of the thyroid gland are hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Both have been linked to cell damage. Aim of Work: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of melatonin administration on the testis of both hyperthyroidic and hypothyroidic adult male albino rats models. Materials and Methods: Fifty adult male albino rats were used in this study and divided into five groups; ten rats each. Control group (G1) was given distilled water. Hyperthyroidic group (G2) was given thyroxin (0.2 mg/kg b.w). Hyperthyroidic+melatonin group (G3) was given thyroxin (0.2 mg/kg b.w) and melatonin (2.5 mg / kg b.w). Hypothyroidic group (G4) was given carbimazole (1.35 mg/kg b.w). Hypothyroidic+melatonin group (G5) was given carbimazole (1.35 mg/kg b.w) and melatonin (2.5 mg / kg b.w). All the treatments were given orally for 15 days. At the end of the study, the animals of all groups were sacrificed and their testes were rapidly dissected out. The testicular mass was calculated. Testicular specimens of each group were processed for light and electron microscopic studies. Results: The testicular mass was significantly decreased in both hyperthyroidic group (G2) and hypothyroidic group (G4) when compared with the control. Light and electron microscopy of the hyperthyroidic group (G2) and hypothyroidic group (G4) showed seminiferous tubular germ cells disorganization with increased intercellular spaces, necrosis and cellular damage. Melatonin supplementation to rats given Thyroxin (G3) improved the testicular mass and the cell damage. On the contrary, melatonin supplementation to rats given carbimazole (G5) did …

Background: The most common disorders of the thyroid gland are hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Both have been linked to cell damage. Aim of Work: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of melatonin administration on the testis of both hyperthyroidic and hypothyroidic adult male albino rats models. Materials and Methods: Fifty adult male albino rats were used in this study and divided into five groups; ten rats each. Control group (G1) was given distilled water. Hyperthyroidic group (G2) was given thyroxin (0.2 mg/kg b.w). Hyperthyroidic+melatonin group (G3) was given thyroxin (0.2 mg/kg b.w) and melatonin (2.5 mg / kg b.w). Hypothyroidic group (G4) was given carbimazole (1.35 mg/kg b.w). Hypothyroidic+melatonin group (G5) was given carbimazole (1.35 mg/kg b.w) and melatonin (2.5 mg / kg b.w). All the treatments were given orally for 15 days. At the end of the study, the animals of all groups were sacrificed and their testes were rapidly dissected out. The testicular mass was calculated. Testicular specimens of each group were processed for light and electron microscopic studies. Results: The testicular mass was significantly decreased in both hyperthyroidic group (G2) and hypothyroidic group (G4) when compared with the control. Light and electron microscopy of the hyperthyroidic group (G2) and hypothyroidic group (G4) showed seminiferous tubular germ cells disorganization with increased intercellular spaces, necrosis and cellular damage. Melatonin supplementation to rats given Thyroxin (G3) improved the testicular mass and the cell damage. On the contrary, melatonin supplementation to rats given carbimazole (G5) did …

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Reperfusion of tissues following a prolonged period of an acute-onset ischemia causes injury to distant organs such as the lungs, kidneys, heart and liver through mediators released from the ischemic tissue entering the systemic circulation. Aerobic physical training of a moderate intensity has been recognized to improve the cardiorespiratory function. Aim of the work: This study was designed to investigate the influence of physical training on the remote lung damage induced by rat hind-limb I/R injury. Material and Methods: 30 adult male rats, weighing (200-250) gm were used in this study. The rats were divided into three equal groups: the control group, I/R group (underwent limb ischemia for 3 hours followed by 3 hours of reperfusion) and exercise + I/R group (trained rats for 4 weeks were subjected to limb ischemia for 3 hours and then 3 hours of reperfusion. At the end of the 3 hours of reperfusion, the rats were sacrificed and the specimens from the lung were taken. The specimens were processed for light and electron microscopic study. The area percentage of collagen fiber content was measured and the results were statistically analyzed. Results: Light microscopic examination of I/R group showed thickened interalveolar septa with massive interstitial cellular infiltration, loss of normal architecture of the lung and hypertrophied arterial wall. The ultrastructure showed pneumocytes with rarified, vacuolated cytoplasm and destructed organelles. Type II pneumocytes were characterized by the presence of large vacuoles and few lamellar bodies. Alveolar macrophage showed numerous dense bodies, autophagic vacuoles …