Incidence of perioperative silent myocardial ischemia In hypertensive patients undergoing vascular surgery: Plasma levels of circulatory regulators    m h magraby  m s abdraheem  m  s hasanein   a a m j  vol 1 no 3   septemper  2003

Effect of amitriptyline and clonidine on pain sensation and on free sensory and encapsulated nerve endings in the skin     afafa  abdel  wareth   ahmad  t g  ahmad  mohsen m abdel latif  m  s hasanein  assiut  med  j  1992  april  proc 10th  ann sci  conf   april  1992

kamel i hady m s hassanein  moh a m youseef   hasan i m kotb   m  h  magraby ahmad abdelaal  alphons e ramzy    jesmp vol 22 no 1 april 2004     21    28

Comparison of caudal morphine versus tramadol for Postoperative analgesia in children    m s hasanein  g m fathy  m m  abdel  latif  m f  mostafa   j e s m p  vol  21  no  2  october  2003

Abstract
Background: It is the basic duty of all healthcare professionals to relieve pain, and the most important indication

for treating pain after surgery is humanitarian.

Objectives: Comparing the effects of intravenous morphine, tramadol and ketorolac on post operative pain in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy

Study design: A randomized, double blind trial.

Methods: Sixty patients randomly were assigned to receive either IV morphine 5mg (Group I, n = 20), tramadol 100 mg (Group II, n = 20), or ketorolac 60 mg (Group III, n = 20) at the end of surgery. Assessment parameters included hemodynamics, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, sedation score, VAS score, time of first analgesic request, total amount of analgesics consumption, and side effects in the first 24 hours.

Results: The mean time to the first request for rescue analgesia was significantly prolonged in group II (11.00± 2.49 hrs ranged from 8- 15 hrs) and group III (8± 1.89 hrs ranged from 6.0 -10.0 hrs) in comparison to group I (3.75± 0.89 hrs ranged from 3 – 5 hrs) (P <0.001). Total post-operative amount of analgesics consumption over 24 hrs in the three studied groups was (7.00 ± 2.51 mg ranged from 5- 10 mg of morphine) in group I;(160.00± 68.06 mg ranged from 100-300 mg of tramadol) in group II;(80.00± 19.47 mg ranged from 60– 120 mg of ketorolac) in group III. The mean (VAS) score in studied groups, showed no significant difference between the three studied groups at all time periods(P >0.05), but there was a significant decrease in the (VAS) in each group separately over the course of 24 hrs in comparison to base line values (P <0.007). No significant differences were observed in the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure values, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation between groups.

Conclusion: intravenous morphine, tramadol and ketorolac had similar analgesic efficacy on the post-operative pain in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy.

Key words: Breast Cancer Surgery; Postoperative Pain; morphine, tramadol, ketorolac

Objective: to evaluate the eectiveness of selective nerve root block (SNRB) versus pulsed radiofrequency treatment to dorsal root

ganglion (PRFT) for treatment of chronic back pain (CBP) with radiculopathy and the correlation between CBP and serum cholesterol

level.

Keywords: Chronic Low Back pain; Radiculopathypulsed radiofrequency; Selective nerve root block

Design: Prospective, randomized, open label study.

Setting: Department of Anaesthesia, ICU, and Pain management, Pain unit, Assiut University.

Patient(s): 80 patients having chronic back pain with radiculopathy were recruited in the study.

Intervention(s): patients in the rst group (40 cases in total) were treated by SNRB via transforaminal approach on the aected nerve

root and patients in the second group (40 patients in total) were treated by PRFT to the aected DRG. Lumbosacral radicular pain (LRP) is a common symptom, its annual prevalence in the general population is reported to be from 9.9% to 25% [1] and it is characterized by a shooting, radiating pain to one or more dermatomes, which is oen caused

by irritation of the corresponding nerve root [2]. e initial treatment should be conservative with oral medications, exercise,

and physiotherapy. When conservative treatments fail, epidural steroid injections and other interventional treatments should be

considered [3]. Surgical interventions are indicated when all other treatments have failed.