is frequent, loose, or watery bowel movements (BMs) that differ from a child's normal
pattern, as is a very common problem, leading cause of child mortality and morbidity worldwide.
In children acute watery diarrhea (several hours or days), acute bloody diarrhea (dysentery), and
persistent diarrhea, which lasts 14 days or longer. Gastroenteritis most common symptoms regardless
of cause, are vomiting, diarrhea, and sometimes abdominal cramps, fever, and poor appetite.
The risky complication of gastroenteritis is dehydration. The dehydrated children become listless,
irritable, or sluggish (lethargic), but dehydrated infants develop serious side effects with hospitalized
medical care. The causative agents of diarrhea in children are viruses, particularly rotavirus
(preventable with a vaccine) and norovirus, as well as adenovirus and arbovirus, bacteria
like E. coli, salmonella and cholera. Protozoal parasites causing diarrhea as Cryptosporidium, Entamoeba,
Giardia, Balantidium coli and Cystoisospora belli as well as helminths as Strongyloides,
Schistosoma and Trichuris may cause chronic diarrhea especially in immunocompromised individuals.
Apart from microorganism agents, diet, antibiotics and others can cause children diarrhea.
Key words: Children, Diarrhea, Pathogenesis, Bacteria, Parasites, Viruses, Others