The noscomial respiratory tract infection creates a serious health problem in hospitals all over the world. It is the second most common noscomial infection and the most common cause of death among nosocomial infections. This study was carried out to determine the incidence of nosocomial respiratory tract infection in cirrhotic patients. In an analytical cross-sectional study, 366 cirrhotic patients were studied from Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology Department, Assiut University Hospital. For all participants, the following was conducted: clinical evaluation, abdominal US examination, and laboratory investigations including complete blood picture, renal function tests, liver function tests, plain chest x-ray, sputum or throat swab culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing. The frequency of nosocomial respiratory tract infection in cirrhotic patients was 10.9%. The most significant risk factor was artificial respiration (OR=9.81). Gram negative bacilli (38.5%) were the first cause followed by Gram positive cocci (35.5%) then fungi (26.0%). The mortality rate was 15%. The incidence of noscomial respiratory tract infection in cirrhotic patients was not low. Artificial respiration was the most significant risk factor. All types of noscomially important bacteria were present in patients' isolates especially Staphylococci and E. coli. The mortality rate in those patients reached 15%.