ABSTRACT

Aim: To compare the effectiveness of R-Endo and E3-ReRoot retreatment rotary files in filling material removal and operating time.

Materials and Methods: Twenty extracted distobuccal roots of maxillary first molars were decoronated to a standard length of 12 mm. Root canal preparations were done using Fanta Blue (Fanta; ShangHai, China) till 0.04/25. Matching gutta percha cones of 0.04/25 were used with Adseal resin sealer (Meta Biomed, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea) in warm vertical compaction technique. Teeth were left in an incubator at 37 °C and 100% humidity for 30 days. Cone beam computed tomographic images of all roots were obtained to confirm three-dimensional filling of the root canal space. Roots were divided into two groups according to the file used in retreatment; group A using R-Endo (Micro-Mega, Besancon, France) and group B using E3-ReRoot (IMD; ShangHai, China). Time required to remove the filling material was recorded in seconds. Teeth were then split into two halves using hammer and chisel and remaining filling material was calculated using stereomicroscope at 4X original magnification. Statistical analysis was performed using One-Way ANOVA and significance level was set at 0.05.

Results: E3-ReRoot was shown to be significantly more effective than R-Endo in intracanal filling removal. No significant difference was shown between both systems in the time needed to reach the working length.

Conclusion: E3-ReRoot was more effective in intracanal filling removal although both systems failed to totally remove gutta percha and sealer remnants from the root canals.

Summary

This study evaluated the outcome of partial exposure of dentin matrix to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and application of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) scaffold on regeneration of necrotic immature permanent teeth in a dog model. The present study was carried out on 216 permanent immature roots in nine mongrel dogs aged 6-9 months. Pulp necrosis and periapical pathosis were induced in 180 roots. These roots were divided into five equal groups (36 roots each) according to the treatment protocol: group I: blood clot; group II: 17% EDTA solution and blood clot; group III: PRF; group IV: 17% EDTA solution and PRF; and group V: without treatment (positive control). The negative control group (group VI) represented 36 untouched normal roots for normal maturation. The groups were followed up for 1, 2 and 3 months (subgroups). Maturation of the roots was monitored by radiography and histopathology. All data were statistically analysed. Group IV exhibited the highest increase in root length and thickness, decrease in apical diameter, the highest score of vital tissue infiltration and least inflammatory scores. There was a significant difference regarding the increase in root length and thickness and decrease in apical diameter in all subgroups of the experimental and negative control groups (P ≤ .05). PRF has a better regenerative potential than the blood clot during treatment of immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulp. Inclusion of 17% EDTA solution as a final irrigation enhances the regenerative potential of both PRF and blood clot.

ABSTRACT

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine root surface strain (RSS) developed by two reciprocating NiTi files and the resultant cracks.

Materials and Methods: Thirty mesial roots of mandibular molars were used. Ten roots were prepared using AF Blue R3 Reciprocating One-File System (FBR) (Fanta; ShangHai, China) for the mesiobuccal canal and WaveOne Gold primary (WOG) (Dentsply Tulsa Dental; Tulsa, OK, USA) for the mesiolingual canal. Ten roots were prepared using WOG and ten roots using FBR. An electrical strain gauge was fixed on the root surface connected to a strain amplifier. Maximum strain and time were recorded. Roots were cut transversely to evaluate for cracks.

Results: WOG has developed RSS of (84.16±52.57) and cracks (2/10); FBR has developed RSS of (128.33±128.55) and cracks (5/10) without statistically significant difference. Preparation time of WOG was (55.28±26.24) which was statistically significantly less than FBR (109±57.3).

Conclusion: Both files have developed RSS and cracks during canal shaping.

Abstract

Objectives: to perform a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of different molar intrusion methods used in the treatment of anterior open bite patients, to explore the changes that occur in the vertical facial morphology and mandibular rotation.

Search methods: Electronic databases were searched up to April, 2016 in (CENTRAL-Cochrane register of controlled trials, PubMed and LILACS). Grey literature was also searched electronically through Google Scholar. Hand searching was done in the central library in Cairo University and the Cairo Dental Journal (CDJ) as well as high impact factor journals in the field (AJODO, EJO and The Angle Orthodontist). Language was restricted to English.

Results: Twenty articles were eligible for the descriptive analysis, but only 4 were eligible for the quantitative analysis. Quality assessment of the included articles showed moderate to high quality. Meta-analysis using the fixed effect model .

Conclusion: A significant improvement in overbite was found in Frankel-4 appliance group about 2 mm greater than the control group. A significant improvement in overbite was found in MPBB group about 1 mm greater than the SPBB group. There is no enough evidence in the orthodontic literature regarding to the most efficient molar intrusion method used for anterior open bite treatment in adults.

Abstract

Objectives: Mandibular foramen (MF) is an anatomical landmark for inferior alveolar nerve block and many surgical procedures like sagittal split osteotomies. Sagittal split osteotomies are done to reposition the mandible in prognathism and retroganthism. Variations in the position of mandibular foramen and the presence of accessory mandibular foramina are the main reasons accounting for the failure rate of this technique. The present study will be designed to determine variations in mandibular foramen using cone beam tomography in Egyptian population.

Method: 300 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were grouped according to sex, and symmetry between right and left sides into two groups. Group I: males& female and group II: right & left sides. Panoramic images were reconstructed from cone beam computed tomography scans and evaluated using Blue sky software. The exact location of mandibular foramen at the two sides of the mandible was determined in relation to anterior border &posterior border of ramus, mandibular base, and mandibular notch. The recorded data will be collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed by SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences).

Results: This study showed bilateral asymmetry between right and left sides, no significant difference between 2 sides of the mandible. There was high significant difference in the distance from MF to mandibular base between males and females. No significant difference in other parameters relative to vertical and horizontal dimensions of mandibular ramus.

Conclusions: All parameters related to the position of mandibular foramen in vertical and horizontal dimensions of mandibular ramus (MF-MB, (MF-MN), (PB-MF), and (AB-MF) were symmetrical in the right and left sides. The distance from mandibular foramen to mandibular base (MF-MB) was significantly different between males and females.

Abstract:

Introduction: Despite global efforts to contain the illness, COVID-19 continues to have severe health, life, and economic repercussions; thus, maintaining vaccine development is mandatory. Different directions concerning COVID-19 vaccines have emerged as a result of the vaccine’s unpredictability.

Aims: To study the determinants of the attitudes of healthcare workers (HCWs) to receiving or refusing to receive the vaccine.

Methods: The current study adopted an interviewed questionnaire between June and August 2021. A total of 341 HCWs currently working at Assiut University hospitals offered to receive the vaccine were included.

Results: Only half of the HCWs (42%) accepted the COVID-19 vaccine. The most common reason that motivated the HCWs was being more susceptible than others to infection (71.8%). On other hand, the common reasons for refusing included: previously contracted the virus (64.8%); did not have time (58.8%); warned by a doctor not to take it (53.8%). Nearly one-third of nonaccepting HCWs depended on television, the Internet, and friends who refused the vaccine for information (p < 0.05). In the final multivariate regression model, there were six significant predictors: sex, job category, chronic disease, being vaccinated for influenza, and using Assiut University hospital staff and the Ministry of Health as sources of information (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Misinformation and negative conceptions are still barriers against achieving the desired rate of vaccination, especially for vulnerable groups such as HCWs.

Abstract

Background The Coronavirus 2019 is a pandemic that has spread worldwide, threatening human health. The main cause of death in patients with COVID-19 is a systemic pro-infammatory mechanism that quickly progresses to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Hematological ratios as afordable indicators of infammatory response were studied in COVID-19 patients. The study aimed to study the importance of the blood cell indexes of the systemic infammatory response, as the Aggregate Index of Systemic Infammation (AISI), neutrophils lymphocyte to platelet ratio (NLPR), systemic immuneinfammation index (SII) and, systemic infammation response index (SIRI) in predicting intensive care unit (ICU) admission of COVID-19 patients.

Methods 495 COVID-19 patients managed in four tertiary centers; divided into non-ICU and ICU groups.

Results Total leucocyte count (TLC), AISI, NLPR, SII, and SIRI were more elevated in the ICU group (P<0.001 for all except AMC P=0.006), while this group had less absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) (P=0.047). We estimated the optimal cut-of values of the hematological ratio; AISI (729), NLPR (0.0195), SII (1346), and SIRI (2.5). SII had the highest specifcity (95.6%), while NLPR had the highest sensitivity (61.3%). Age, AISI, CRP, D-dimer, and oxygen aid were the independent predictors for ICU admission in COVID-19 in multivariate logistic regression.

Conclusion AISI is a predictor for severity and ICU admission in COVID-19 patients, SII is a predictor of survival, while NLPR and SIRI have an additive role that needs further evaluation.