THIS RESEARCH was conducted to study the effects of late planting on the performance of Egyptian cotton sensitivity to the environment, and gene actions that controlling seed cotton yield/plant (SCY/P) and related traits. Half diallel crosses of eight Egyptian cotton varieties were evaluated under early and late plantings. The analysis of variance indicated significant (p ≤ 0.01) differences among entries (parents and crosses) for most traits. The reduction percentin seed SCY/P caused by the stress of late planting was 17.98 and 18.25 percent for the parents and hybrids; respectively. Stress susceptibility index indicated that five parents were tolerant for SCY/P to late planting. Fifteen out of the 28 hybrids showed tolerance in SCY/P to late planting. The diallel analysis of variance indicated that both additive and dominance effects of genes were involved in the inheritance of all traits. Generally, the regression coefficient “b Wr/Vr” and the graphical analysis revealed that the inheritance of seed cotton yield/plant controlled by additive, dominance and epistatic effects of genes. The results of boll weight under the stress of late planting suggested the presence of additive, dominance and epistatic genes interaction. The genetic analysis of number of seeds/boll under late planting indicated no significance of the additive effects of genes “a item”, however, the dominance item “b” was significant (p≤ 0.01). The non-additive effects of genes were reflected in the departure of narrow from broad sense heritability. Therefore, pedigree and recurrent selection breeding methods could be effective in isolating lines adapted to late planting.

Abstract: The effects of feeding Moringa Oleifera leaves meal (MOLM) as a nontraditional feed on performance and immune response were studied in broiler chicks raised on floor litter from 1 till 5 weeks of age. A total of 144 Cobb strain broiler chicks were distributed into 3 treatments (48 chicks/ treatment) with 4 replicates per treatment and 12 chicks per pen. Dietary MOLM levels of 0, 2, and 4% were supplemented to a basal ration (control) containing 22.4% crude protein and 3100 Kcal/kg metabolizable energy so that the three diets were isocaloric and isonitrogenous and met the requirements of broilers for all essential nutrients. Results indicated that at 4 weeks of age, body weight of birds fed the 2% MOLM was numerically higher than those of both the control and 4% MOLM. At 5 weeks of age, however, the body weight of birds offered the 4% dietary MOLM, was lowered (P.05) by 3.6 and 2.4% as compared to the control and 2% MOLM, respectively. The overall means of feed conversion values of all treatments were comparable (1.9). However, at 5 week-old the 4% MOLM recorded lower FCR (2.7) than (P.01) both control and 2% MOLM (2.3 and 2.4, respectively). Protein conversion ratio values indicated that the chicks received 2% MOLM were superior (2.36) to the control 0.0% and 4% MOLM fed groups (2.53 and 2.81%, respectively). Performance index (PI) and production number (PN) showed no differences among all treatments. Lymphoid organs weight as (%) of body weight showed that bursa % in the group received 2% MOLM recorded the highest (P.01) weight in comparison to the control and 4% (.189% vs. .105 and .112%, respectively) in response to dietary supplementation. The percentage of abdominal fat was numerically lower in 2% MOLM fed group and coincided with a decreased (P.01) level of ether extract % in body composition analyses. In conclusion, MOLM could be incorporated at 2% in broiler diets for improving carcass quality, immune response and protein conversion ratio.

Abstract: The effects of feeding Moringa Oleifera leaves meal (MOLM) as a nontraditional feed on performance and immune response were studied in broiler chicks raised on floor litter from 1 till 5 weeks of age. A total of 144 Cobb strain broiler chicks were distributed into 3 treatments (48 chicks/ treatment) with 4 replicates per treatment and 12 chicks per pen. Dietary MOLM levels of 0, 2, and 4% were supplemented to a basal ration (control) containing 22.4% crude protein and 3100 Kcal/kg metabolizable energy so that the three diets were isocaloric and isonitrogenous and met the requirements of broilers for all essential nutrients. Results indicated that at 4 weeks of age, body weight of birds fed the 2% MOLM was numerically higher than those of both the control and 4% MOLM. At 5 weeks of age, however, the body weight of birds offered the 4% dietary MOLM, was lowered (P.05) by 3.6 and 2.4% as compared to the control and 2% MOLM, respectively. The overall means of feed conversion values of all treatments were comparable (1.9). However, at 5 week-old the 4% MOLM recorded lower FCR (2.7) than (P.01) both control and 2% MOLM (2.3 and 2.4, respectively). Protein conversion ratio values indicated that the chicks received 2% MOLM were superior (2.36) to the control 0.0% and 4% MOLM fed groups (2.53 and 2.81%, respectively). Performance index (PI) and production number (PN) showed no differences among all treatments. Lymphoid organs weight as (%) of body weight showed that bursa % in the group received 2% MOLM recorded the highest (P.01) weight in comparison to the control and 4% (.189% vs. .105 and .112%, respectively) in response to dietary supplementation. The percentage of abdominal fat was numerically lower in 2% MOLM fed group and coincided with a decreased (P.01) level of ether extract % in body composition analyses. In conclusion, MOLM could be incorporated at 2% in broiler diets for improving carcass quality, immune response and protein conversion ratio.

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