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The health of oviduct circulation is very important for normal egg production. The present work describes the histology and histochemistry of vessels of different types on the oviduct of quail. Arteria, venae and lymphatics of the oviduct were described clearly. In addition, special vascular elements were observed presenting circular, longitudinal and oblique smooth muscle fibres on the blood vessel wall. Glomus cells were observed at typical glomus vessels, atypical glomus vessels and on the wall of some of arteria and arteriolae. Also, spirally oriented blood vessels were observed. Dark brown pigment was detected in the wall of arteria, venae, lymphatics and the special types of blood vessels.

The health of oviduct circulation is very important for normal egg production. The present work describes the histology and histochemistry of vessels of different types on the oviduct of quail. Arteria, venae and lymphatics of the oviduct were described clearly. In addition, special vascular elements were observed presenting circular, longitudinal and oblique smooth muscle fibres on the blood vessel wall. Glomus cells were observed at typical glomus vessels, atypical glomus vessels and on the wall of some of arteria and arteriolae. Also, spirally oriented blood vessels were observed. Dark brown pigment was detected in the wall of arteria, venae, lymphatics and the special types of blood vessels.

The primo vascular system (PVS) is a very important topic of study nowadays because of their role in transport and regeneration of tissue and in cell migration and cancer metastasis. The PVS was detected in different organs of the rabbit but not in the placenta. In this work, we observe the PVS inside the blood vessels of the placenta for the first time. The main characteristic features of the primo vessels (PVs) from the rabbit placenta were in agreement with the PVS in different organs of animals, including the rod-shaped nuclei and their arrangement.

Enterotoxemic diseases are the most important economic diseases caused by Clostridium perfringens in sheep. The present study was conducted to describe the clinical, biochemical, and the histopathological findings in sheep with enterotoxemia. This study was performed on 26 sheep, 13 out of them with suspected enterotoxemia (6 dead and 7 diseased) and 13 from clinically healthy sheep. Clinically, diseased sheep exhibited incoordination, head tremors, recumbency, and diarrhea. Hematological analyses revealed severe anemia and increased leukocytes especially neutrophils. Biochemical analyses indicated significant increases in liver enzymes, total bilirubin, total protein, and creatinine in diseased sheep. Bacteriological examination of the samples from the intestine, liver, kidney, lung, and heart revealed the presence of C. perfringens in 6 samples (dead sheep) out of 13 samples (46.15%), while it was isolated in one sample (7.69%) from clinically healthy sheep. Histopathological examination of the intestine revealed congestion and necrosis in the epithelial lining with the presence of several clostridial bacilli. The liver specimens revealed necrosis of the hepatocytes with the presence of several clostridial bacilli in the area of necrosis. The kidneys showed glomerular necrosis and coagulative necrosis of the renal tubular epithelium. In conclusion, enterotoxemia as a fatal enteric disease is associated with some characteristic clinical, biochemical, bacteriological, and histopathological alterations. These alterations can be a useful aid for rapid diagnosis of enterotoxemia in sheep farms.

A few investigations have been done on characterizing heavy metals at Jazan district, mostly done as analyses of heavy metals associated with water, sediments and shrimps. The current study was carried out mainly to evaluate and characterize heavy metals concentrations in soils of the main Wadi Jazan and its tributaries in order to determine its environmental impacts. The heavy metals were measured by using ICP-MS. Results indicate that soil of Wadi Jazan area has different concentrations of heavy metals; some of them have economic importance such as Au, Ag and U, some other considered useful for the environment (Such as Cu, Se and Zn) and others are harmful for the environment (Such as Cd, Pb, and others). The most extremely soil pollution at Wadi Jazan is by Cd, where all analyzed samples have higher concentration than the maximum permissible concentration by the World Health Organization. Heavy metals concentrations along Wadi Jazan indicate that the most polluted area is located around Abu Arish City. The current investigation conclude that there are a direct effect of the harmful heavy metals on plants, terrestrial animals, fishes and marine organisms and human; due to the ability of these heavy metals to reach and entered the food chain, and hence causes different types of harmful effects and diseases. Present study refers also to the suitability of some recent techniques for soil remediation at Wadi Jazan, such as engineering remediation (Replacement of contaminated soil, soil removal, soil isolation and adsorption) and bioremediation (Phytoremediation).

Uranyl acetate (UA), a commercial stock from depleted uranium (DU), has a combined effect of chemical toxicity and mild radioactivity. Here, we investigated the potential antioxidant, antiapoptotic and cytoprotective effects of thymoquinone (TQ) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against UA-induced testicular damage in rats. UA reduced testicular superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione (GSH) levels relative to the control group. Interestingly, the testicular SOD activity and NO and GSH levels of UA/TQ-and UA/NAC-treated groups were also significantly lower relative to the control. A marked increase in spermatocytes metaphase apoptosis was found (stage XIII) in UA-treated rats, which is probably due to difficulties in segregation of homologous-chromosomes. This may clarify why UA exposure decreased round spermatids numbers and fertility in previous studies. To check the reason of partial metaphase arrest, the presence of DNA-damage-related γ-H2AX foci in late spermatocytes of all groups was checked, but only insignificant increase was found in UA-treated group. TQ or NAC supplementation reduced the apoptosis and improved the testicular histological alterations. Thus, TQ and NAC attenuate UA adverse effects on the testicular microenvironment through anti-apoptotic and cytoprotective but not antioxidant effects.

Uranyl acetate (UA), a commercial stock from depleted uranium (DU), has a combined effect of chemical toxicity and mild radioactivity. Here, we investigated the potential antioxidant, antiapoptotic and cytoprotective effects of thymoquinone (TQ) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against UA-induced testicular damage in rats. UA reduced testicular superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione (GSH) levels relative to the control group. Interestingly, the testicular SOD activity and NO and GSH levels of UA/TQ-and UA/NAC-treated groups were also significantly lower relative to the control. A marked increase in spermatocytes metaphase apoptosis was found (stage XIII) in UA-treated rats, which is probably due to difficulties in segregation of homologous-chromosomes. This may clarify why UA exposure decreased round spermatids numbers and fertility in previous studies. To check the reason of partial metaphase arrest, the presence of DNA-damage-related γ-H2AX foci in late spermatocytes of all groups was checked, but only insignificant increase was found in UA-treated group. TQ or NAC supplementation reduced the apoptosis and improved the testicular histological alterations. Thus, TQ and NAC attenuate UA adverse effects on the testicular microenvironment through anti-apoptotic and cytoprotective but not antioxidant effects.

Uranyl acetate (UA), a commercial stock from depleted uranium (DU), has a combined effect of chemical toxicity and mild radioactivity. Here, we investigated the potential antioxidant, antiapoptotic and cytoprotective effects of thymoquinone (TQ) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against UA-induced testicular damage in rats. UA reduced testicular superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione (GSH) levels relative to the control group. Interestingly, the testicular SOD activity and NO and GSH levels of UA/TQ-and UA/NAC-treated groups were also significantly lower relative to the control. A marked increase in spermatocytes metaphase apoptosis was found (stage XIII) in UA-treated rats, which is probably due to difficulties in segregation of homologous-chromosomes. This may clarify why UA exposure decreased round spermatids numbers and fertility in previous studies. To check the reason of partial metaphase arrest, the presence of DNA-damage-related γ-H2AX foci in late spermatocytes of all groups was checked, but only insignificant increase was found in UA-treated group. TQ or NAC supplementation reduced the apoptosis and improved the testicular histological alterations. Thus, TQ and NAC attenuate UA adverse effects on the testicular microenvironment through anti-apoptotic and cytoprotective but not antioxidant effects.