Calf diarrhea is a common syndrome causing colossal economic losses.Rotavirus and Coronavirus are major pathogens of calf diarrhea. During the period of investigation (13 consecutive months), a total number of 140 neonatal calves were carefully examined and thereafter subjected to serological and molecular diagnosis for the diagnosis of Rota and Corona viruses' infection. The serological and molecular diagnosis by using LAT and RT-PCR indicated that positive samples of Rotavirus infection were 21.43% (30/140) and 8% (4/50), respectively. ELISA and RT-PCR were used in diagnosing of BCoV infection and found that positive samples were 2.13% (2/94) and 4% (2/50), respectively. The Prevalence of Rotavirus and Coronavirus infection was 21.43 % (30/140) and 2.13 % (2/94) of the examined calves, respectively. It was found that there was a strong negative correlation between age of examined calves and Rotavirus infection. Coronavirus infection was found in calves at >4-7 weeks. There were no significance difference in Rota and Corona viruses' infection and sex, breed and species of examined calves. The most positive cases of Rotavirus and Coronavirus infection were reported in cold months. The lower infection rate of Rotavirus was recorded in hot months.It is concluded that Rota and Corona viruses play an outstanding role in causing enteritis in neonatal calves in different localities of Assiut governorate.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most widely spread food additives that might cause male
infertility. However, Nigella sativa L. seeds (NSS) could provide a solution. This study was designed
to investigate the potential effects of NSS on rats ingesting MSG. To achieve this aim, adult male
albino rats were randomly equally assigned into three groups for 21 days: control group received no
treatment, MSG group received MSG as 30 g/kg feed, and MSG + NSS group received MSG as 30 g/kg
and NSS as 30 g/kg feed. Testis histomorphometry showed marked deterioration by MSG as atrophic
seminiferous tubules with degeneration of their lining cells, damaged Leydig cells and decreased
germ cells number. Periodic Acid Schiff stain indicated irregular interrupted basement membranes.
Glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and caspase‑3 immuno‑expressions increased
in testicular cells. Testosterone levels were significantly decreased in MSG challenged rats along with
significant increase in luteinizing hormone levels, whereas NSS normalized this hormonal profile.
MSG exposure also caused significantly increased lipid peroxides (LPO), glutathione‑S‑transferase,
and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) whereas nitric oxide and SOD2 were significantly decreased.
NSS succeeded in rebalance LPO and TAC and ameliorated the histoarchitectural disturbances. NSS
mitigated MSG‑induced testicular impairment by its antioxidant and cytoprotective activities.