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Herbal synergy enhances growth performance, antioxidant status, immunity, and lymphoid tissue architecture in pigeons

Research Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of a herbal mixture (HM) composed of black seeds, dill, sage, and coriander on pigeon squabs and their parents. Using a randomized design, 54 squabs were divided into three groups. All groups were fed a basal diet, and HM was added to groups 2 and 3 at 1% and 2%, respectively. To receive crop milk, squabs were caged with their parents. Squab performance and the self-maintenance behaviors (sleeping and preening) of their parents were positively affected by HM supplementation (P = 0.001). Blood metabolites, including cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), were significantly decreased (P = 0.001). Antioxidation biomarkers glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were positively stimulated. The meat’s chemical composition, including fat, protein, amino acids, and moisture, was influenced by HM (P = 0.004). Histomorphometrical investigation of the bursa and spleen showed the significant effects of HM on the follicle area, medulla, white pulp area, and their S100-positive cells. Overall, adding HM, especially at a 1% concentration, was more cost-effective and improved pigeon parents’ behavior, squabs’ performance, immunity, antioxidant status, meat quality, and bursal and spleen histology and immunohistochemistry.

Research Authors
Rasha I. M. Hassan, Hala Y. Amer, Walaa M. S. Gomaa, Ramadan D. EL-Shoukary, Abeer M. Hassan, Asmaa A. Rayan & Fatma El-Zahraa A. Mustafa
Research Date
Research Journal
Scientific Report
Research Pages
16
Research Publisher
springer nature
Research Vol
15
Research Year
2025