The vagina is a critical part of the reproductive canal. It is considered part of the birth canal and the site of semen deposition. The vagina is controlled by a variety of important physiological factors, including hormones. One of the most popular lab animals is the rabbit. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR) expression in the vagina at early pregnancy were observed on basic histological constituents of the vagina and newly discovered histological components including telocyte, vascular compartments, interstitium, and lymph. mmunoreactivity to NSE with different intensity detected at vaginal lining epithelium and smooth muscle fibers. Mild immunoreactivity was observed on mucosal crypt-lining cells. Strong immunoreactivity to NSE was detected in lymphocytes, telocytes, endothelium, red blood cells, interstitium, and lymph. However, immunoreactivity to PR was strong on the nucleus of the vaginal lining epithelium, crypts, smooth muscle, cytoplasm of the intraepithelial lymphocytes, lining epithelium of lymph vessels, interstitium, and lymph. Also, there is strong immunostaining for ER on the red blood cells, interstitium, and lymph. Mild immunoreactivity was noticed on the blood and lymph vessels' endothelial lining.

Goat skin is considered a multifunctional organ with regulatory, sensory, and protective roles. Despite the goat’s economic importance and use as a model in biomedical research, it remains not given the suitable position in academic publications. This study aimed to investigate the expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in the lips and ear pinnae of goats, revealing its considerable location among several sensory and structural components using immunohistochemical techniques. Also, we identified a new structure in different locations of the skin of the goat, referred to as the goat corpuscle. In the lip, NSE was strongly expressed in Ruffini corpuscles, goat corpuscles located in the skin and mucosa, and Merkel cells present in the stratum basale of the epidermis and hair follicles. NSE expression was also found in large nerves among skeletal muscle fibers, near sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and in the superficial layers of the dermis, where free nerve endings were directed. Vascular elements, including arteries, veins, and lymphatic vessels, exhibited NSE positivity in their endothelial and smooth muscle layers. Additionally, NSE was present in myoepithelial cells surrounding sweat and salivary gland secretory end pieces, fibroblasts, and telocytes in the connective tissue. In the ear, NSE was detected in Ruffini corpuscles, goat corpuscles, and a range of nerve fibers around cartilage and blood vessels. NSE expression was also observed in fibroblasts, chondroblasts, and telocytes in the cartilage and dermal tissues. This detailed mapping of NSE distribution provides new insights into its role in sensory and structural components, revealing its extensive involvement in the tissues.

This study evaluated the effects of a herbal mixture (HM) composed of black seeds, dill, sage, and coriander on pigeon squabs and their parents. Using a randomized design, 54 squabs were divided into three groups. All groups were fed a basal diet, and HM was added to groups 2 and 3 at 1% and 2%, respectively. To receive crop milk, squabs were caged with their parents. Squab performance and the self-maintenance behaviors (sleeping and preening) of their parents were positively affected by HM supplementation (P = 0.001). Blood metabolites, including cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), were significantly decreased (P = 0.001). Antioxidation biomarkers glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were positively stimulated. The meat’s chemical composition, including fat, protein, amino acids, and moisture, was influenced by HM (P = 0.004). Histomorphometrical investigation of the bursa and spleen showed the significant effects of HM on the follicle area, medulla, white pulp area, and their S100-positive cells. Overall, adding HM, especially at a 1% concentration, was more cost-effective and improved pigeon parents’ behavior, squabs’ performance, immunity, antioxidant status, meat quality, and bursal and spleen histology and immunohistochemistry.

This study aimed to examine how adding two levels of probiotics, Lactobacillus plantarum and

Lactobacillus acidophilus, to the growing V-line rabbits’ basal diet affects growth performance, carcass

parameters, hematology, serum biochemistry, digestibility, cecal microbiota, economic evaluation

of the diet, and histological and immunohistochemical features of the intestine, kidneys, liver, and

heart. Sixty healthy five-week-old male rabbits were allocated at random to three groups, each

with four replicates of five rabbits. The standard basal diet was provided to the three groups, with

probiotics added to the second and third groups at 0.25 g/kg and 0.50 g/kg, respectively, for the 56-day

experimental period. Probiotic supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) improved growth parameters

and the weights of internal organs, while reducing the percentage of abdominal fat. White blood cell

counts and other hematological parameters increased significantly (P < 0.05). Rabbits supplemented

with 0.25 and 0.50 g/kg of probiotics showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher serum total protein,

globulin, albumin, T3, T4, IgM, IgG, IgA and levels, and significantly (P < 0.05) lower triglycerides,

ALT, and AST levels compared with the control one. Probiotic supplementation increased (P < 0.05)

the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude fiber, nitrogen-free extract, crude protein, and

ether extract. It positively influenced beneficial cecal microbiota. Histological data showed increased

villus length, crypt depth (CD), and epithelial thickness in the intestines. The kidney’s renal corpuscle

and glomeruli diameter, along with CMFs diameter, increased. Liver PAS staining showed a dosedependent increase. TNF-α expression rose significantly in both the small and large intestines, while

synaptophysin increased in the large intestine (LI). Therefore, adding probiotics to the rabbit diet could

improve performance, hematology, serum biochemistry, nutrient digestibility, cecal microbiota, and

the economic evaluation of the diet, as well as the histological features of the intestine, kidneys, liver,

and heart.