NULL

NULL

NULL

NULL

NULL

NULL

NULL

Members of family Acanthamoebidae and Vahlkampfiidae are amphizoic, occurring as human parasite causing many diseases. This study was aims to evaluate the efficacy of ellagic acid (EA) to ameloriate the histological changes in cornea and the changes in oxidative stress markers in different organs of rats infected with Allovahlkampfia spelaea. Thirty rats were intraocular infected with trophozites of A. spelaea. Fourteen days later, rats divided into four groups, treated with chlorhexidine (CHX), EA, EA plus CHX, and lubricant eye drops for 14 days, respectively. All eyes were examined clinically then rats were killed and their corneas, brain, liver, ling, kidney and spleen were excised and used for histological and biochemicals evaluation. Eyes from A. spelaea infected rats showed corneal ulcer with disruption of corneal layer, congestion and infilteration of the inflammatory cell in stromal layer. However, the cornea of CHX, EA, and the combination of CHX and EA treated rats showed hyperplasia in the epithelial layer of cornea, hyperplasia in the epithelial layer of cornea with stromal vascularization and epithelial hyperplasia, stromal vascularization with fibroblast cell activation, respectively. The activity of acetylchoinestase in the brain and the markers of oxidative stress in the brain, lung, liver, kidney and spleen were altered in infected rats with A. spelaea and restored by treatment with CHX, EA, or the combination of CHX and EA. In conclusion infection with A. spelaea induced keratitis and biochemical changes in organs of rats, these changes were ameloriated by the treatment with CHX or EA or the combination of both with the priority of the later one.

Members of family Acanthamoebidae and Vahlkampfiidae are amphizoic, occurring as human parasite causing many diseases. This study was aims to evaluate the efficacy of ellagic acid (EA) to ameloriate the histological changes in cornea and the changes in oxidative stress markers in different organs of rats infected with Allovahlkampfia spelaea. Thirty rats were intraocular infected with trophozites of A. spelaea. Fourteen days later, rats divided into four groups, treated with chlorhexidine (CHX), EA, EA plus CHX, and lubricant eye drops for 14 days, respectively. All eyes were examined clinically then rats were killed and their corneas, brain, liver, ling, kidney and spleen were excised and used for histological and biochemicals evaluation. Eyes from A. spelaea infected rats showed corneal ulcer with disruption of corneal layer, congestion and infilteration of the inflammatory cell in stromal layer. However, the cornea of CHX, EA, and the combination of CHX and EA treated rats showed hyperplasia in the epithelial layer of cornea, hyperplasia in the epithelial layer of cornea with stromal vascularization and epithelial hyperplasia, stromal vascularization with fibroblast cell activation, respectively. The activity of acetylchoinestase in the brain and the markers of oxidative stress in the brain, lung, liver, kidney and spleen were altered in infected rats with A. spelaea and restored by treatment with CHX, EA, or the combination of CHX and EA. In conclusion infection with A. spelaea induced keratitis and biochemical changes in organs of rats, these changes were ameloriated by the treatment with CHX or EA or the combination of both with the priority of the later one.

Abstract. Klebsiella became an increasingly important source of community-acquired and nosocomial infections. Extensive broad-spectrum utilization of antibiotics in hospitalized patients has contributed to both increased carriages of Klebsiella and the development of multidrug-resistant strains. Many of these strains are extremely virulent and show a strong tendency to spread. Bacteriophages, viruses that because bacterial lysis can serve as a useful tool for Klebsiella infection control. In this study, two lytic phages designated as ØKPAS1 and ØKPAS2 infecting multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae were isolated from sewage samples collected in Assiut, Egypt. Using transmission electron microscopy, the morphology of isolated phages was characterized, and their host range was determined. The morphological analysis revealed that both phages belong to the Podoviridae family. ØKPAS1 has ahead of about 50 ± 5 nm in diameter and a short tail of 20 ± 2 nm in length, while ØKPAS2 has ahead of about 53 ± 5 nm in diameter with a short tail of 19 ± 2 nm in length. ØKPAS1 phage showed a broader host range within genus Klebsiella since it was able to lyse 8 out of 15 different Klebsiella cultures while ØKPAS2 was able to lyse only 5 out of 15. Both phages could not infect bacteria from other genera such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. The isolated phage ØKPAS1 was able to survive at a temperature up to 50 ᵒC and was infective in pH range between 4.0-9.0, while ØKPAS2 was able to survive at a temperature up to 60 ᵒC and was stable over the pH range of 4,0 to10,0. Both phages were stable in chloroform. One-step growth curves of ØKPAS1 and ØKPAS2 revealed that the latent period was 10 min for either phage, with burst sizes of about 120 and 245 pfu/ml for ØKPAS1 and ØKPAS2, respectively.