Combustion method has been used as a fast and facile method to prepare nanocrystalline Co3O4 spinel employing glycine as a combustion fuel. The products were characterized by thermal analyses (TGA & DTA), X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Experimental results revealed that the molar ratio of fuel/oxidant play an important role in controlling the crystallite size of Co3O4 nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that the crystallite size of Co3O4 nanocrystals were in the range of 14–31 nm. Since the particle size of the powdered samples were found to be equivalent from both TEM and X-ray diffraction technique. X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of CoO phase with spinel Co3O4. The effect of calcination temperature on crystallite size and morphology has been discussed.

Combustion method has been used as a fast and facile method to prepare nanocrystalline Co3O4 spinel employing glycine as a combustion fuel. The products were characterized by thermal analyses (TGA & DTA), X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Experimental results revealed that the molar ratio of fuel/oxidant play an important role in controlling the crystallite size of Co3O4 nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that the crystallite size of Co3O4 nanocrystals were in the range of 14–31 nm. Since the particle size of the powdered samples were found to be equivalent from both TEM and X-ray diffraction technique. X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of CoO phase with spinel Co3O4. The effect of calcination temperature on crystallite size and morphology has been discussed.

Combustion method has been used as a fast and facile method to prepare nanocrystalline Co3O4 spinel employing glycine as a combustion fuel. The products were characterized by thermal analyses (TGA & DTA), X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Experimental results revealed that the molar ratio of fuel/oxidant play an important role in controlling the crystallite size of Co3O4 nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that the crystallite size of Co3O4 nanocrystals were in the range of 14–31 nm. Since the particle size of the powdered samples were found to be equivalent from both TEM and X-ray diffraction technique. X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of CoO phase with spinel Co3O4. The effect of calcination temperature on crystallite size and morphology has been discussed.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly
cited.
Combustion method has been used as a fast and facile method to prepare nanocrystalline Co3O4 spinel employing sucrose as a
combustion fuel.The productswere characterized by thermal analyses (TGAandDTA), X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
techniques. Experimental results revealed that the molar ratio of fuel/oxidizer (F/O) plays an important role in controlling the
crystallite size of Co3O4 nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that the crystallite size of Co3O4 nanocrystals
was in the range of 13–32 nm. X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of CoO phase with spinel Co3O4.The effect of calcination
temperature on crystallite size and morphology has been, also, discussed.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly
cited.
Combustion method has been used as a fast and facile method to prepare nanocrystalline Co3O4 spinel employing sucrose as a
combustion fuel.The productswere characterized by thermal analyses (TGAandDTA), X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
techniques. Experimental results revealed that the molar ratio of fuel/oxidizer (F/O) plays an important role in controlling the
crystallite size of Co3O4 nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that the crystallite size of Co3O4 nanocrystals
was in the range of 13–32 nm. X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of CoO phase with spinel Co3O4.The effect of calcination
temperature on crystallite size and morphology has been, also, discussed.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly
cited.
Combustion method has been used as a fast and facile method to prepare nanocrystalline Co3O4 spinel employing sucrose as a
combustion fuel.The productswere characterized by thermal analyses (TGAandDTA), X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
techniques. Experimental results revealed that the molar ratio of fuel/oxidizer (F/O) plays an important role in controlling the
crystallite size of Co3O4 nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that the crystallite size of Co3O4 nanocrystals
was in the range of 13–32 nm. X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of CoO phase with spinel Co3O4.The effect of calcination
temperature on crystallite size and morphology has been, also, discussed.

Microporous tricobalt tetraoxide, Co3O4, nanoparticles (NPs) clusters have been successfully fabricated
using a simple but efficient controlled solution combustion route. Such a synthesis involves combustion
reaction of cobalt nitrate with cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The combustion process has
been analyzed by simultaneous thermal analysis. The resultant powders were characterized by means
of X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron
microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nitrogen adsorption at 196 C. The
morphology and specific surface area of the obtained Co3O4 nanoparticles clusters have proved to be strongly dependent on the fuel (F)/oxidizer (O) molar ratio and the calcination temperature. It was found
that both the crystallite size and the lattice parameter nanocrystalline Co3O4 increase with increasing the F/O molar ratio as well as the calcination temperature. X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of CoO phase together with spinel Co3O4 using F/O ratio of 1. The concentration of such phase increases with increasing the F/O ratio. Moreover, when the calcination is applied at 900–1000 C traces of CoO was obtained together with Co3O4 as a major phase.

Microporous tricobalt tetraoxide, Co3O4, nanoparticles (NPs) clusters have been successfully fabricated
using a simple but efficient controlled solution combustion route. Such a synthesis involves combustion
reaction of cobalt nitrate with cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The combustion process has
been analyzed by simultaneous thermal analysis. The resultant powders were characterized by means
of X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron
microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nitrogen adsorption at 196 C. The
morphology and specific surface area of the obtained Co3O4 nanoparticles clusters have proved to be strongly dependent on the fuel (F)/oxidizer (O) molar ratio and the calcination temperature. It was found
that both the crystallite size and the lattice parameter nanocrystalline Co3O4 increase with increasing the F/O molar ratio as well as the calcination temperature. X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of CoO phase together with spinel Co3O4 using F/O ratio of 1. The concentration of such phase increases with increasing the F/O ratio. Moreover, when the calcination is applied at 900–1000 C traces of CoO was obtained together with Co3O4 as a major phase.