Ternary Co3O4-Ni(OH)2-graphene hybrid nanocomposites (NCs) can be fabricated using a facile, room-temperature kinetic spray process in a single step. The fabricated heterostructure electrodes are optimized to enhance the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in 1.0 M KOH. The deposited films exhibit a mixture of nanosheet and nanoflake morphologies. Raman spectra reveal improvements in various disorder-related modes in the hybrid NCs due to the nanometer scale and the transformation of graphite-stacked layers into thin graphene nanosheets. X-ray photoelectron spectra indicate that strong synergy improvements in the heterostructure NCs are associated with a downshift of the active state’s binding energies. Optimal Co3O4-Ni(OH)2-graphene hybrid ternary NCs exhibit the smallest OER overpotential of 262 mV @10 mA·cm⁻², the lowest Tafel slope of 32 mV·dec⁻¹, and long-term stability of 25 h at a polarization current of 50 mA·cm⁻².
A gold nanoparticle decorated functionalized nanocarbon black (Au@f-NCB) hybrid nanocomposite–modified molecular wire glassy carbon paste electrode (MW-GCPE) was constructed for sensitive determination of anticancer drug formestane (FMST) by square-wave adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetry (SW-AASV). The synthesized Au@f-NCB hybrid nanocomposite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The fabricated Au@f-NCB/MW-GCPE was found to have higher electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of FMST than bare GCPE. The developed electrochemical sensor allowed the ultrasensitive and selective detection of FMST with a linear range (0.02–5.2 µM), low limit of detection (7.14 nM), and high sensitivity (90.0 μAμM−1 cm−2). The constructed Au@f-NCB nanocomposite modified MW-GCPE revealed good repeatability, reproducibility, and higher stability. Furthermore, the developed sensor has been shown to be highly sensitive for detecting FMST in human fluids, Lentaron depot ampoules, and patient plasma. In addition, electrosensing of FMST in the presence of the anti-cancer chemotherapy drug doxorubicin (DOX) was explored, and simultaneous detection of the two drugs was achieved.
Au10Cu90 and Au76Cu24 nanoparticles (NPs) were directly fabricated on a glass substrate by spark discharge deposition technique. The prepared NPs were characterized by FE-SEM, and XPS techniques. The substrate composition was controlled by simply changed the electrode type that connected to a high voltage power supply. The generated substrates were evaluated of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) by using crystal violet as a molecular probe. The Au76Cu24 substrate showed the highest SERS signals, with a limit of detection could reach to 1 × 10−12 M, and enhancement factor of 2.8 × 108. The high SERS performance of this substrate could be attributed to the high electromagnetic field generated between the connected networking NPs and the chemical enhancement provided by the small amount of CuO.
Thienopyrimidine derivatives are well-known in various pharmaceutical and biomedical domains. In this work, a series of efficacious and novel strategies for the synthesis of thienopyrimidines starting from 2-amino-3-carboethoxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene has been developed. The regioselectivity of these synthetic strategies was investigated using density functional theory computation and spectroscopic analysis. In addition, the chemical structures of the new thienopyrimidines and their reaction mechanisms, as well as the biological activity of selected compounds were studied.
Nanomaterials with controllable particle size and shape have fascinating properties. Herein, CuO nanoparticles (NPs) with controlled particle size and morphology are obtained via a simple co-precipitation approach. Variation of the reaction medium composition steers the variation of both particle size and morphology of the CuO NPs. The reaction was performed in ethanol–water solutions with different volume to volume ratios (v/v%) i.e. 0, 25, 50, and 100%. XRD of the obtained samples revealed a drop in their particle size from ∼13 to ∼7 nm when the aqueous medium is entirely replaced by the ethanolic medium. TEM and HR-TEM investigations have pointed to the formation of CuO NPs with rod-like shapes in water (diameter = 15 nm and length = 200 nm). Whereas, spherical NPs with a diameter of 7.2 nm are obtained in ethanol. Structural analysis of CuO samples obtained in different media was done …
