Globally, effective disease management and improved agricultural crop yields are crucial for meeting the food requirements of the growing population. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained attention as promising nanomaterials for controlling agricultural crop diseases because of their unique characteristics. The MOFs show potential in managing fungal, bacterial, and viral diseases in agricultural crops. This review explores the disease-control mechanisms of the MOFs and their application strategies for sustainable crop protection, highlighting their potential to enhance plant health. Further research is needed to enhance MOF formulations for practical use in large-scale agricultural settings.