Simple, rapid and economic Spectrophotometric method was developped for the assay of certain proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) belonging to benzimidazole derivatives namely; omeprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole and lansoprazole. The method depends on the reaction of the cited proton pump inhibitors with diazotized p-nitroaniline in alkaline medium using 1.5 N NaOH and dimethylformamide. The produced green color was measured at 590 nm for omeprazole, rabeprazole and 610 nm (for, pantoprazole and lansoprazole). The recorded absorbances obey Beer's law for 5-30, 10-35, 5-40 and 5-40 µg ml-1 omeprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole and lansoprazole, respectively with good correlation coefficients (0.9996-0.9999). The limits of detection and quantification are also reported for the studied method. Intra-day and inter-day precision as well as accuracy and robustness of the method have been evaluated. The proposed method was successfully applied to the assay of the studied proton pump inhibitors in pharmaceutical dosage forms and the results were statistically compared with those of reported method by applying Student’s t-test and F-test where no significance differences were observed.

Simple, rapid and economic Spectrophotometric method was developped for the assay of certain proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) belonging to benzimidazole derivatives namely; omeprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole and lansoprazole. The method depends on the reaction of the cited proton pump inhibitors with diazotized p-nitroaniline in alkaline medium using 1.5 N NaOH and dimethylformamide. The produced green color was measured at 590 nm for omeprazole, rabeprazole and 610 nm (for, pantoprazole and lansoprazole). The recorded absorbances obey Beer's law for 5-30, 10-35, 5-40 and 5-40 µg ml-1 omeprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole and lansoprazole, respectively with good correlation coefficients (0.9996-0.9999). The limits of detection and quantification are also reported for the studied method. Intra-day and inter-day precision as well as accuracy and robustness of the method have been evaluated. The proposed method was successfully applied to the assay of the studied proton pump inhibitors in pharmaceutical dosage forms and the results were statistically compared with those of reported method by applying Student’s t-test and F-test where no significance differences were observed.

A systematic comprehensive review of literature for the analysis of the most recent antiulcer drugs and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) by different chromatographic and electrophoretic methods are presented. The review includes literature from 1985 until 2015 on eight proton pump inhibitors; namely: omeprazole (OMZ), lansoprazole (LAN), pantoprazole (PAN), rabeprazole (RAB), esomeprazole (EMZ), dexlansoprazole (DLAN), dexrabeprazole (DRAB), and tenatoprazole (TNB). The investigated literature survey covers most chromatographic and electrophoretic methods used for the assay of these drugs in pure forms, in combined mixtures, in pharmaceutical dosage forms, and in biological fluids.

A systematic comprehensive review of literature for the analysis of the most recent antiulcer drugs and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) by different chromatographic and electrophoretic methods are presented. The review includes literature from 1985 until 2015 on eight proton pump inhibitors; namely: omeprazole (OMZ), lansoprazole (LAN), pantoprazole (PAN), rabeprazole (RAB), esomeprazole (EMZ), dexlansoprazole (DLAN), dexrabeprazole (DRAB), and tenatoprazole (TNB). The investigated literature survey covers most chromatographic and electrophoretic methods used for the assay of these drugs in pure forms, in combined mixtures, in pharmaceutical dosage forms, and in biological fluids.

A systematic comprehensive review of literature for the analysis of the most recent antiulcer drugs and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) by different chromatographic and electrophoretic methods are presented. The review includes literature from 1985 until 2015 on eight proton pump inhibitors; namely: omeprazole (OMZ), lansoprazole (LAN), pantoprazole (PAN), rabeprazole (RAB), esomeprazole (EMZ), dexlansoprazole (DLAN), dexrabeprazole (DRAB), and tenatoprazole (TNB). The investigated literature survey covers most chromatographic and electrophoretic methods used for the assay of these drugs in pure forms, in combined mixtures, in pharmaceutical dosage forms, and in biological fluids.

Targeting of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) like somatostatin-14 (SST-14) could have a potential interest in delivery of anti-cancer agents to tumor cells. Attachment of SST to different nano-carriers e.g. polymeric nanoparticles is limited due to the difficulty of interaction between SST itself and those nano-carriers. Furthermore, the instability problems associated with the final formulation. Attaching of SST to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using the positive and negative charge of SST and citrate-AuNPs could be considered a new technique to get stable non-aggregated AuNPs coated with SST. Different analyses techniques have been performed to proof the principle of coating between AuNPs and SST. Furthermore, cellular uptake studies on HCC-1806, HELA and U-87 cell lines has been investigated to show the ability of AuNPs coated SST to enter the cells via SST receptors. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) indicated a successful coating of SST on the MUA-AuNPs surface. Furthermore, all the performed analysis including DLS, SDS-PAGE and UV-VIS absorption spectra indicated a successful coating of AuNPs with SST. Cellular uptake studies on HCC-1806, HELA and U-87 cell lines showed that the number of AuNPs-SST per cell is significantly higher compared to citrate-AuNPs when quantified using inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy. Moreover, the binding of AuNPs-SST to cells can be suppressed by addition of antagonist, indicating that the binding of AuNPs-SST to cells is due to receptor-specific binding. In conclusion, AuNPs could be attached to SST via adsorption to get stable AuNPs coated SST. This new formulation has a potential to target SST receptors localized in many normal and tumor cells.

Phytochemical Investigation of the leaves of Artemisia sieberi growing in Saudi arabia leads to isolation of eight sesquiterpene lactones of eudesmanolide 1-4, germacranolide 5-7 and davanone 8 types in addition to six methoxylated flavonoid derivatives 9-14. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidences and correlated with known compounds. The cytotoxic activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated against human Hela and MCF-7 cell lines. The results exhibited that none of the isolated sesquiterpenoids displaying any cytotoxic activity whilst isolated flavonoids exhibited promising growth inhibitory action.

Phytochemical Investigation of the leaves of Artemisia sieberi growing in Saudi arabia leads to isolation of eight sesquiterpene lactones of eudesmanolide 1-4, germacranolide 5-7 and davanone 8 types in addition to six methoxylated flavonoid derivatives 9-14. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidences and correlated with known compounds. The cytotoxic activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated against human Hela and MCF-7 cell lines. The results exhibited that none of the isolated sesquiterpenoids displaying any cytotoxic activity whilst isolated flavonoids exhibited promising growth inhibitory action.

Two new noncyanogenic cyanoglucoside dimers, simmonosides A and B (1 and 2), were identified from the aqueous extract of jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) leaves. Compounds 1 and 2 are the first examples of noncyanogenic cyanoglucoside dimers containing a unique four-membered ring, representing novel dimerization patterns at α,β-unsaturated carbons of a nitrile group in 1 and γ,δ-unsaturated carbons in 2. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic evidence and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibit promising COX-2 inhibition activity, with IC50 values of 13.5 and 11.4 μM, respectively

Two new noncyanogenic cyanoglucoside dimers, simmonosides A and B (1 and 2), were identified from the aqueous extract of jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) leaves. Compounds 1 and 2 are the first examples of noncyanogenic cyanoglucoside dimers containing a unique four-membered ring, representing novel dimerization patterns at α,β-unsaturated carbons of a nitrile group in 1 and γ,δ-unsaturated carbons in 2. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic evidence and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibit promising COX-2 inhibition activity, with IC50 values of 13.5 and 11.4 μM, respectively