A phytochemical study of the aerial parts of Blepharis ciliaris (L.) B.L. Burtt. led to the isolation of one new isoflavone glycoside caffeic acid ester: genistein-7-O-(6"-O-E-caffeoyl--D-glucopyranoside) (4), along with seven known compounds: methyl veratrate (1), methyl vanillate (2), protocatechuic acid (3), naringenin-7-O-(3"-acetyl-6"-E-p-coumaroyl--D-glucopyranoside) (5), naringenin-7-O-(6"-E-p-coumaroyl--D-glucopyranoside) (6), apigenin-7-O-(6"-E-p-coumaroyl--D-glucopyranoside) (7), and acteoside (8). Their structures were established on the basis of detailed analyses of physical, chemical, and spectral data. Compounds 1, 2, 3, 6, and 8 were isolated for the first time from this plant. The antioxidant activity of the different extracts as well as for some of the isolated compounds was evaluated.

A phytochemical study of the aerial parts of Blepharis ciliaris (L.) B.L. Burtt. led to the isolation of one new isoflavone glycoside caffeic acid ester: genistein-7-O-(6"-O-E-caffeoyl--D-glucopyranoside) (4), along with seven known compounds: methyl veratrate (1), methyl vanillate (2), protocatechuic acid (3), naringenin-7-O-(3"-acetyl-6"-E-p-coumaroyl--D-glucopyranoside) (5), naringenin-7-O-(6"-E-p-coumaroyl--D-glucopyranoside) (6), apigenin-7-O-(6"-E-p-coumaroyl--D-glucopyranoside) (7), and acteoside (8). Their structures were established on the basis of detailed analyses of physical, chemical, and spectral data. Compounds 1, 2, 3, 6, and 8 were isolated for the first time from this plant. The antioxidant activity of the different extracts as well as for some of the isolated compounds was evaluated.

Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are among the most important antibacterial agents (synthetic antibiotics) used in human and veterinary medicine. They are employed against all bacterial infections, particularly against urinary tract infections and acute respiratory diseases. In the last decade, there was no review covering all different analytical methods used for the determination of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. The present review presented recently published different electrophoretic and chromatographic methods for determination of seven fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, and sparfloxacin). Presented applications concern analysis of chosen fluoroquinolones in pure forms, different pharmaceutical formulations, biological fluids, and environmental samples.

Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are among the most important antibacterial agents (synthetic antibiotics) used in human and veterinary medicine. They are employed against all bacterial infections, particularly against urinary tract infections and acute respiratory diseases. In the last decade, there was no review covering all different analytical methods used for the determination of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. The present review presented recently published different electrophoretic and chromatographic methods for determination of seven fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, and sparfloxacin). Presented applications concern analysis of chosen fluoroquinolones in pure forms, different pharmaceutical formulations, biological fluids, and environmental samples.

Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are among the most important antibacterial agents (synthetic antibiotics) used in human and veterinary medicine. They are employed against all bacterial infections, particularly against urinary tract infections and acute respiratory diseases. In the last decade, there was no review covering all different analytical methods used for the determination of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. The present review presented recently published different electrophoretic and chromatographic methods for determination of seven fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, and sparfloxacin). Presented applications concern analysis of chosen fluoroquinolones in pure forms, different pharmaceutical formulations, biological fluids, and environmental samples.

A simple, rapid, sensitive, and economic reversed-phase High Pressure Liquid Chromatography method was developed for the simultaneous evaluation of five binary mixtures in their pharmaceutical preparations. The investigated mixtures were Ibuprofen(IP)-paracetamol(PC), Ibuprofen(IP)-Chlorzoxazone(CZ), Ibuprofen(IP)- Methocarbamol(MC), Ketoprofen(KP)-Chlorzoxazone(CZ), and Diclofenac sodium(DS)-Lidocaine hydrochloride(LC). The chromatographic separation was performed using isochratic mode at a flow rate 1 mL/ min, ODS C18 column, and UV detection at 254 nm. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile : phosphate buffer, pH 5 (60:40). The parameters affecting separation of the investigated drugs were studied. Under the optimum assay conditions, the method gave linear calibration curves with good correlation coefficients. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantitation (LOQ) ranged from 0.34-5.33 µg/mL and 1.03-16 µg/mL, respectively, indicating high sensitivity of the method. The assay of the investigated binary mixtures is completed in less than 5 min. The proposed method was successfully applied to the simultaneous analysis of the drugs in their pharmaceutical binary mixtures in dosage forms with good recoveries and no significant differences between proposed and reported method. This method can be routinely applied to the quality control of the investigated binary mixtures in their pharmaceutical formulations.

A simple, rapid, sensitive, and economic reversed-phase High Pressure Liquid Chromatography method was developed for the simultaneous evaluation of five binary mixtures in their pharmaceutical preparations. The investigated mixtures were Ibuprofen(IP)-paracetamol(PC), Ibuprofen(IP)-Chlorzoxazone(CZ), Ibuprofen(IP)- Methocarbamol(MC), Ketoprofen(KP)-Chlorzoxazone(CZ), and Diclofenac sodium(DS)-Lidocaine hydrochloride(LC). The chromatographic separation was performed using isochratic mode at a flow rate 1 mL/ min, ODS C18 column, and UV detection at 254 nm. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile : phosphate buffer, pH 5 (60:40). The parameters affecting separation of the investigated drugs were studied. Under the optimum assay conditions, the method gave linear calibration curves with good correlation coefficients. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantitation (LOQ) ranged from 0.34-5.33 µg/mL and 1.03-16 µg/mL, respectively, indicating high sensitivity of the method. The assay of the investigated binary mixtures is completed in less than 5 min. The proposed method was successfully applied to the simultaneous analysis of the drugs in their pharmaceutical binary mixtures in dosage forms with good recoveries and no significant differences between proposed and reported method. This method can be routinely applied to the quality control of the investigated binary mixtures in their pharmaceutical formulations.

From the aerial part of Euphorbia aphylla, nine compounds were isolated (1-9) and identified by different spectral techniques as well as comparison with authentic samples. The isolated compounds included two triterpenes(β-amyrone (1) and euphol(2)), two sterols (β-sitosterol (3) and β-sitosterolglucoside (4)) and five phenolic compounds (gallic acid (5), quercetin (6), quercetin-3-O-(2’’,3’’-digalloyl)-α-L-rhamnoside (7), 3,4,3’-O-trimethyl ellagic acid 4’-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (8) and (3,4,3’-tri-O-methyl ellagicacid4’-ruti noside)(9)). The anti-inflammatory, anti pyretic, and anti oxidant and anti microbial activities were carried out on different plant fractions.

From the aerial part of Euphorbia aphylla, nine compounds were isolated (1-9) and identified by different spectral techniques as well as comparison with authentic samples. The isolated compounds included two triterpenes(β-amyrone (1) and euphol(2)), two sterols (β-sitosterol (3) and β-sitosterolglucoside (4)) and five phenolic compounds (gallic acid (5), quercetin (6), quercetin-3-O-(2’’,3’’-digalloyl)-α-L-rhamnoside (7), 3,4,3’-O-trimethyl ellagic acid 4’-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (8) and (3,4,3’-tri-O-methyl ellagicacid4’-ruti noside)(9)). The anti-inflammatory, anti pyretic, and anti oxidant and anti microbial activities were carried out on different plant fractions.

From the aerial part of Euphorbia aphylla, nine compounds were isolated (1-9) and identified by different spectral techniques as well as comparison with authentic samples. The isolated compounds included two triterpenes(β-amyrone (1) and euphol(2)), two sterols (β-sitosterol (3) and β-sitosterolglucoside (4)) and five phenolic compounds (gallic acid (5), quercetin (6), quercetin-3-O-(2’’,3’’-digalloyl)-α-L-rhamnoside (7), 3,4,3’-O-trimethyl ellagic acid 4’-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (8) and (3,4,3’-tri-O-methyl ellagicacid4’-ruti noside)(9)). The anti-inflammatory, anti pyretic, and anti oxidant and anti microbial activities were carried out on different plant fractions.