Aims: To evaluate changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) after uneventful phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Study Design: Prospective interventional comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Ophthalmology, Assuit University Hospital, Assuit, Egypt between September 2016 and October 2017 . Methodology: 100 Patients with visually significant cataract (39 males (39%) and 61 females (61%). All patients underwent uneventful phacoemulsification. Intraocular pressure and ACD were measured preoperatively by using Goldmann applanation tonometer and Ultrasonography respectively , and at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively. Results: The postoperative ACD was higher than the preoperative value by 0.26± 0.06 mm at 1 week, 0.45±0.06 mm at 1 month, and 0.59±0.08 mm at 3 months postoperatively (P=.000). P 0.05 Original Research Article Abdallah et al.; OR, X(X): xxx-xxx, 20YY; Article no.OR.47792 2 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference. The IOP at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively was lower than the preoperative value by 1.03±0.3 mmHg, 1.52±0.46 mmHg, and 2.14±0.62 mmHg, respectively (P=.001). Conclusion: This study revealed that there was a decrease in IOP and increase in ACD after cataract extraction by phacoemulsification. Patients with ocular hypertension, open-angle glaucoma, and narrow-angle glaucoma may benefit from cataract extraction.

Aims: To evaluate changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) after uneventful phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Study Design: Prospective interventional comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Ophthalmology, Assuit University Hospital, Assuit, Egypt between September 2016 and October 2017 . Methodology: 100 Patients with visually significant cataract (39 males (39%) and 61 females (61%). All patients underwent uneventful phacoemulsification. Intraocular pressure and ACD were measured preoperatively by using Goldmann applanation tonometer and Ultrasonography respectively , and at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively. Results: The postoperative ACD was higher than the preoperative value by 0.26± 0.06 mm at 1 week, 0.45±0.06 mm at 1 month, and 0.59±0.08 mm at 3 months postoperatively (P=.000). P 0.05 Original Research Article Abdallah et al.; OR, X(X): xxx-xxx, 20YY; Article no.OR.47792 2 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference. The IOP at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively was lower than the preoperative value by 1.03±0.3 mmHg, 1.52±0.46 mmHg, and 2.14±0.62 mmHg, respectively (P=.001). Conclusion: This study revealed that there was a decrease in IOP and increase in ACD after cataract extraction by phacoemulsification. Patients with ocular hypertension, open-angle glaucoma, and narrow-angle glaucoma may benefit from cataract extraction.

Occult hepatitis B virusinfection (OBI) is defined as the presence of HBV DNA in liver or serum of individuals who test negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).We aimed at determining the prevalence of OBI in patients chronically infected with HCV in Upper Egypt and to evaluate the possible impact of OBI on the progression of the liver disease. This study included 200 chronic HCV infected patients. HBV DNA was detected in the serum of 21 patients (10.5%) by nested PCR. 13 of them were positive for anti-HBc. HBV viral load ranged from 4.2-60.1 IU/ml. The percentage of cirrhotics was higher among OBI/HCV dual infection (52.4%) versus HCV mono infection (34.1%). Our study concluded that the prevalence of OBI among chronic HCV patients in Upper Egypt was 10.5%. OBI correlated with the severity of liver disease. Total anti-HBc cannot be used as a surrogate marker for detection of OBI.

Occult hepatitis B virusinfection (OBI) is defined as the presence of HBV DNA in liver or serum of individuals who test negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).We aimed at determining the prevalence of OBI in patients chronically infected with HCV in Upper Egypt and to evaluate the possible impact of OBI on the progression of the liver disease. This study included 200 chronic HCV infected patients. HBV DNA was detected in the serum of 21 patients (10.5%) by nested PCR. 13 of them were positive for anti-HBc. HBV viral load ranged from 4.2-60.1 IU/ml. The percentage of cirrhotics was higher among OBI/HCV dual infection (52.4%) versus HCV mono infection (34.1%). Our study concluded that the prevalence of OBI among chronic HCV patients in Upper Egypt was 10.5%. OBI correlated with the severity of liver disease. Total anti-HBc cannot be used as a surrogate marker for detection of OBI.

Occult hepatitis B virusinfection (OBI) is defined as the presence of HBV DNA in liver or serum of individuals who test negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).We aimed at determining the prevalence of OBI in patients chronically infected with HCV in Upper Egypt and to evaluate the possible impact of OBI on the progression of the liver disease. This study included 200 chronic HCV infected patients. HBV DNA was detected in the serum of 21 patients (10.5%) by nested PCR. 13 of them were positive for anti-HBc. HBV viral load ranged from 4.2-60.1 IU/ml. The percentage of cirrhotics was higher among OBI/HCV dual infection (52.4%) versus HCV mono infection (34.1%). Our study concluded that the prevalence of OBI among chronic HCV patients in Upper Egypt was 10.5%. OBI correlated with the severity of liver disease. Total anti-HBc cannot be used as a surrogate marker for detection of OBI.

Occult hepatitis B virusinfection (OBI) is defined as the presence of HBV DNA in liver or serum of individuals who test negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).We aimed at determining the prevalence of OBI in patients chronically infected with HCV in Upper Egypt and to evaluate the possible impact of OBI on the progression of the liver disease. This study included 200 chronic HCV infected patients. HBV DNA was detected in the serum of 21 patients (10.5%) by nested PCR. 13 of them were positive for anti-HBc. HBV viral load ranged from 4.2-60.1 IU/ml. The percentage of cirrhotics was higher among OBI/HCV dual infection (52.4%) versus HCV mono infection (34.1%). Our study concluded that the prevalence of OBI among chronic HCV patients in Upper Egypt was 10.5%. OBI correlated with the severity of liver disease. Total anti-HBc cannot be used as a surrogate marker for detection of OBI.

Occult hepatitis B virusinfection (OBI) is defined as the presence of HBV DNA in liver or serum of individuals who test negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).We aimed at determining the prevalence of OBI in patients chronically infected with HCV in Upper Egypt and to evaluate the possible impact of OBI on the progression of the liver disease. This study included 200 chronic HCV infected patients. HBV DNA was detected in the serum of 21 patients (10.5%) by nested PCR. 13 of them were positive for anti-HBc. HBV viral load ranged from 4.2-60.1 IU/ml. The percentage of cirrhotics was higher among OBI/HCV dual infection (52.4%) versus HCV mono infection (34.1%). Our study concluded that the prevalence of OBI among chronic HCV patients in Upper Egypt was 10.5%. OBI correlated with the severity of liver disease. Total anti-HBc cannot be used as a surrogate marker for detection of OBI.

Occult hepatitis B virusinfection (OBI) is defined as the presence of HBV DNA in liver or serum of individuals who test negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).We aimed at determining the prevalence of OBI in patients chronically infected with HCV in Upper Egypt and to evaluate the possible impact of OBI on the progression of the liver disease. This study included 200 chronic HCV infected patients. HBV DNA was detected in the serum of 21 patients (10.5%) by nested PCR. 13 of them were positive for anti-HBc. HBV viral load ranged from 4.2-60.1 IU/ml. The percentage of cirrhotics was higher among OBI/HCV dual infection (52.4%) versus HCV mono infection (34.1%). Our study concluded that the prevalence of OBI among chronic HCV patients in Upper Egypt was 10.5%. OBI correlated with the severity of liver disease. Total anti-HBc cannot be used as a surrogate marker for detection of OBI.

Introduction: Excess body weight can result in Diabetes mellitus, where 90% of all diabetics are type 2 (T2DM). Aim of study: To evaluate the effect of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) as a method of treatment of type 2 Diabetes mellitus in morbidly obese patients. Patients and methods: A prospective study was carried out on 40 diabetic morbidly obese patients who underwent LSG during 1.5 years. The pre-operative diabetic status, duration of Diabetes, body mass index, the excess weight loss percent (EWL %) at 12 and 18 months follow-up, and remission or improvement of T2DM were recorded and analyzed. Pre- and postoperative fasting blood glucose, and HbA1C were measured. In addition, Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) was performed in each patient to clarify the remission of Diabetes. Results: The mean age of patients was 40.1±4.7 years. The mean preoperative BMI was 51.2±6.5 Kg/m2 . Postoperative calf DVT and bleeding occurred in 5% of cases. Diabetes resolution occurred in 87.5% of patients (n = 35), where the blood sugar control started at 3 months and reached to no medication at 6 months for 28 patients and 7 patient reached complete cure at 18 months. Diabetes was controlled on oral hypoglycemic only and a minimal dose was required in 12.5% of patients(n = 5). The EWL% was 70.2% at 12 months and 72.7% at 18 months. Conclusion: LSG resulted in total remission of T2DM in 87.5% of the patients and easy control of diabetes in 12.5% of patients, and can be considered a metabolic surgery.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Chronic liver disease leads to reduction in health-related quality of life, particularly functional capacity. The data about the use of Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT) among cirrhotic patients are limited. The current study was done to evaluate the use of 6MWT in patients with HCV related chronic liver disease for assessing the functional capacity and to determine the correlation between the 6MWD and severity of chronic liver diseases. METHODS: This analytic cross-sectional study was carried out on 20 healthy volunteers (Group I), 40 HCV patients with early liver disease (Group II), and 40 HCV patients with liver cirrhosis (Group III). Six minute walk distance (6MWD) was calculated. RESULTS: The mean 6MWD was significantly lower in Groups II and III (325.8 ± 56.65 meter, and 131.79 ± 43.40 meter) compared to that of Group I (359.91 ± 38.63 meter) (p 0.01; p 0.001). The mean 6MWD was significantly lower in Group III compared to that of Group II (p 0.001). 6MWD was positively correlated with hemoglobin, platelets, and albumin (p 0.01). On the other hand, 6MWD was negatively correlated with bilirubin, AST, ALP, creatinine, and INR (p 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between 6MWD and BMI in Groups II and III (p 0.05). There was no significant correlation between 6MWD and Child score or MELD score in Group III (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Six-minute walk test is a reliable indicator to measure the functional capacity for patients with HCV related chronic liver diseases.