The present work was planned to study the prevalence and the pathological lesions of Trichinella spiralis larva of slaughtered pigs in Cairo Governorate by using Trichinoscopic examination in slaughterhouse and confirmatory diagnosis by histopathological examination. For this purpose 184 muscle samples of pigs were collected from Al-Basatin Slaughterhouse, Cairo Governorate. The overall prevalence of Trichinella spiralis infection was 1.08% of examined pig's carcasses.

The Aqueous extracts of red beet, China rose, henna and acid carmine stains were used to stain the adult worms of F. gigantca. The stained flukes showed varying degrees of pigmentation with well-defined external and internal structure. Oral and ventral sucker, muscular pharynx, oesophagus, intestinal ceca and cirrus sac took rose to light cherry color in aqueous extract of china rose, orange to brown color in aqueous extract of sugar beet, beige to pale brown color in aqu eous extract of henna while they took deep red color in carmine stain with best quality achieved by china rose aqueous extract. The ovary, testes and longitudinal excretory canal/pore took rose to cherry color in aqueous extract of China rose, pale brown color in aqueous extracts of both sugar beet and henna while they acquired red to pink color in acid carmine stain. Aqueous extracts of sugar beet exhibited little better quality in revealing characteristics of vitelline ducts and vitelline glands compared to the aqueous extract of China rose, henna and carmine stain. Uterus stained brown in both sugar beet aqueous extracts and carmine stain while it took yellow color when stained with China rose and henna. Eggs inside uterus took light yellow color in all tested aqueous extracts. Ootype/mehli’s gland and yolk reservoir of F. gigantica took brown color in aqueous extracts of red beet, China rose and henna, red to pink color in carmine stain. Spines covering the cuticle appeared rose color in aqueous extract of china rose, pale brown color in aqueous extract of sugar beet extract and henna, and pale red color in carmine stain. Key words: Fasciola gigantica, Natural herbal dye

The Aqueous extracts of red beet, China rose, henna and acid carmine stains were used to stain the adult worms of F. gigantca. The stained flukes showed varying degrees of pigmentation with well-defined external and internal structure. Oral and ventral sucker, muscular pharynx, oesophagus, intestinal ceca and cirrus sac took rose to light cherry color in aqueous extract of china rose, orange to brown color in aqueous extract of sugar beet, beige to pale brown color in aqu eous extract of henna while they took deep red color in carmine stain with best quality achieved by china rose aqueous extract. The ovary, testes and longitudinal excretory canal/pore took rose to cherry color in aqueous extract of China rose, pale brown color in aqueous extracts of both sugar beet and henna while they acquired red to pink color in acid carmine stain. Aqueous extracts of sugar beet exhibited little better quality in revealing characteristics of vitelline ducts and vitelline glands compared to the aqueous extract of China rose, henna and carmine stain. Uterus stained brown in both sugar beet aqueous extracts and carmine stain while it took yellow color when stained with China rose and henna. Eggs inside uterus took light yellow color in all tested aqueous extracts. Ootype/mehli’s gland and yolk reservoir of F. gigantica took brown color in aqueous extracts of red beet, China rose and henna, red to pink color in carmine stain. Spines covering the cuticle appeared rose color in aqueous extract of china rose, pale brown color in aqueous extract of sugar beet extract and henna, and pale red color in carmine stain. Key words: Fasciola gigantica, Natural herbal dye

The Aqueous extracts of red beet, China rose, henna and acid carmine stains were used to stain the adult worms of F. gigantca. The stained flukes showed varying degrees of pigmentation with well-defined external and internal structure. Oral and ventral sucker, muscular pharynx, oesophagus, intestinal ceca and cirrus sac took rose to light cherry color in aqueous extract of china rose, orange to brown color in aqueous extract of sugar beet, beige to pale brown color in aqu eous extract of henna while they took deep red color in carmine stain with best quality achieved by china rose aqueous extract. The ovary, testes and longitudinal excretory canal/pore took rose to cherry color in aqueous extract of China rose, pale brown color in aqueous extracts of both sugar beet and henna while they acquired red to pink color in acid carmine stain. Aqueous extracts of sugar beet exhibited little better quality in revealing characteristics of vitelline ducts and vitelline glands compared to the aqueous extract of China rose, henna and carmine stain. Uterus stained brown in both sugar beet aqueous extracts and carmine stain while it took yellow color when stained with China rose and henna. Eggs inside uterus took light yellow color in all tested aqueous extracts. Ootype/mehli’s gland and yolk reservoir of F. gigantica took brown color in aqueous extracts of red beet, China rose and henna, red to pink color in carmine stain. Spines covering the cuticle appeared rose color in aqueous extract of china rose, pale brown color in aqueous extract of sugar beet extract and henna, and pale red color in carmine stain. Key words: Fasciola gigantica, Natural herbal dye

The Aqueous extracts of red beet, China rose, henna and acid carmine stains were used to stain the adult worms of F. gigantca. The stained flukes showed varying degrees of pigmentation with well-defined external and internal structure. Oral and ventral sucker, muscular pharynx, oesophagus, intestinal ceca and cirrus sac took rose to light cherry color in aqueous extract of china rose, orange to brown color in aqueous extract of sugar beet, beige to pale brown color in aqu eous extract of henna while they took deep red color in carmine stain with best quality achieved by china rose aqueous extract. The ovary, testes and longitudinal excretory canal/pore took rose to cherry color in aqueous extract of China rose, pale brown color in aqueous extracts of both sugar beet and henna while they acquired red to pink color in acid carmine stain. Aqueous extracts of sugar beet exhibited little better quality in revealing characteristics of vitelline ducts and vitelline glands compared to the aqueous extract of China rose, henna and carmine stain. Uterus stained brown in both sugar beet aqueous extracts and carmine stain while it took yellow color when stained with China rose and henna. Eggs inside uterus took light yellow color in all tested aqueous extracts. Ootype/mehli’s gland and yolk reservoir of F. gigantica took brown color in aqueous extracts of red beet, China rose and henna, red to pink color in carmine stain. Spines covering the cuticle appeared rose color in aqueous extract of china rose, pale brown color in aqueous extract of sugar beet extract and henna, and pale red color in carmine stain. Key words: Fasciola gigantica, Natural herbal dye

Abstract Background: Children with chronic liver diseases (CLDs), like immunocompromised individuals, are susceptible to infection with opportunistic parasites. Objectives: To identify the frequency of intestinal parasitic infection among children with CLDs in Assiut Governorate, Egypt, and to correlate this infection with blood eosinophil count and patients' anthropometric measurements. Patients and Methods: The present hospital-based case-control study was conducted on 200 children with CLDs of different etiologies (Cases) and age- and gendermatching 200 children complaining of gastrointestinal symptoms without CLDs as control patients. All children were investigated for liver function, complete blood count (CBC) (including differential and absolute eosinophil count), and stool examination. Infection was correlated to eosinophil count, and participant's weight and height. Results: Among children with CLDs, the intestinal protozoa identified in order of frequency were; Giardia lamblia (16.5%), Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (13.5%), Blastocystis spp. (12%), Cryptosporidium spp. (8%), and microsporidial spores (3%). Intestinal helminthes identified in order of frequency were; Hymenolepis nana (8%), Enterobius vermicularis (6%), Ancylostoma doudenale (5%), Ascaris lumbricoides (3%), Taenia saginata (1.5%), and Schistosoma mansoni (0.5%). As compared to control patients, incidence of intestinal protozoa in CLDs children was significantly higher (P 0.001), but there was insignificant difference regarding the incidence of intestinal helminthes (P = 0.107). The level of blood eosinophils in control patients was significantly higher than that in CLDs children (P = 0.001). While weight and height of children were apparently affected by parasitic infections, there was no significant correlation between intestinal parasitic infection and liver function tests. The prevalence of parasitic infections in children from rural areas was significantly higher than in those from urban areas in both groups (P 0.001). Conclusion: We reported a significant increase in the incidence of intestinal parasites with a lower eosinophilic immune response in cases with CLDs compared to controls. However, infection did not correlate with level of liver enzymes. Infection seemed to negatively affect the weight and height of the studied children

Abstract Background: Children with chronic liver diseases (CLDs), like immunocompromised individuals, are susceptible to infection with opportunistic parasites. Objectives: To identify the frequency of intestinal parasitic infection among children with CLDs in Assiut Governorate, Egypt, and to correlate this infection with blood eosinophil count and patients' anthropometric measurements. Patients and Methods: The present hospital-based case-control study was conducted on 200 children with CLDs of different etiologies (Cases) and age- and gendermatching 200 children complaining of gastrointestinal symptoms without CLDs as control patients. All children were investigated for liver function, complete blood count (CBC) (including differential and absolute eosinophil count), and stool examination. Infection was correlated to eosinophil count, and participant's weight and height. Results: Among children with CLDs, the intestinal protozoa identified in order of frequency were; Giardia lamblia (16.5%), Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (13.5%), Blastocystis spp. (12%), Cryptosporidium spp. (8%), and microsporidial spores (3%). Intestinal helminthes identified in order of frequency were; Hymenolepis nana (8%), Enterobius vermicularis (6%), Ancylostoma doudenale (5%), Ascaris lumbricoides (3%), Taenia saginata (1.5%), and Schistosoma mansoni (0.5%). As compared to control patients, incidence of intestinal protozoa in CLDs children was significantly higher (P 0.001), but there was insignificant difference regarding the incidence of intestinal helminthes (P = 0.107). The level of blood eosinophils in control patients was significantly higher than that in CLDs children (P = 0.001). While weight and height of children were apparently affected by parasitic infections, there was no significant correlation between intestinal parasitic infection and liver function tests. The prevalence of parasitic infections in children from rural areas was significantly higher than in those from urban areas in both groups (P 0.001). Conclusion: We reported a significant increase in the incidence of intestinal parasites with a lower eosinophilic immune response in cases with CLDs compared to controls. However, infection did not correlate with level of liver enzymes. Infection seemed to negatively affect the weight and height of the studied children

Abstract The present study was conducted for one year period extended from April 2018 to March 2019 which aimed to evaluate some epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic state of tropical theileriasis and tick infestation on cattle in New-Valley Governorate. For this purpose a total of 414 cattle of different ages, sexes and from different localities were examined for Theileria annulata infection and tick infestation. The result of tick infestation on cattle showed that the prevalence was 116 out of 414 examined samples (28%) were positive for tick infestation. Only one tick species, Hyalomma anatolicum was identified during the present study. Also, the results revealed that 160/414 (38.65%) of examined cattle were positive for Theileria annulata infection

Background: Unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) are not uncommon, especially in Japan. Treatment strategy for UIAs has evolved in the past decades in Western countries with the increased use of endovascular treatment as the primary option, but in Japan, clipping still has the upper hand. Methods: This study retrospectively included 200 patients treated by clipping or coiling for UIAs located in the anterior cerebral circulation. Postoperative angiographic and clinical outcomes were evaluated. Results: Of 200 UIAs, 147 and 53 were treated by surgery and coiling, respectively. The average follow-up duration was 30.2 ± 18.8 months for clipping and 29.3 ± 17.6 months for coiling. Complete occlusion was greater in the surgery group (78.9%) than the endovascular group (18.8%). Regrowth occurred in 1.4% of the clipping group and 13.2% of the coiling group. Ischemic events were encountered in both groups; asymptomatic ones were higher in the coiling group (24.5%) than in the clipping group (2%), while symptomatic ischemic complications were equal (7.5%) in both groups. The deterioration of modified Rankin scale was detected totally in 13 UIAs (6.5%) with no statistical difference between groups. Postoperative hospital period was longer in clipping (P = 0.01). Conclusion: Clipping and coiling were both safe and feasible in the treatment of unruptured aneurysms. The clipping was advantageous in durability, while the rate of morbidity was lower, and hospitalization period was shorter in the coiling group. The clipping and coiling should coexist while complementing each other by understanding the advantages and disadvantages of both.

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