Objective: To evaluate the role of 3D power Doppler in assessment of adnexal masses vascularity, its ability to discriminate benign from malignant adnexal masses. Then, to determine which one of the 3D power Doppler parameters has the highest reliability for detection of adnexal malignancy. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional prospective study was conducted on patients scheduled for surgery due to presence of adnexal masses at Woman’s Health Center, Assiut University, Egypt between October 2012 and October 2013. All patients were evaluated by 3-DPD ultrasound for assessement of tumor vascularization with calculation of vascular indices using Virtual organ computer-aided analysis program. A definitive histopathological diagnosis was obtained in every case to be used as a gold standard. Results: One hundred sixty-one patients were recruited, 115 with benign masses, 46 with malignant masses. The mean vascularization index (16.36 versus 10.98; p0.05), and the mean vascularization-flow index (3.91 versus 2.13; p0.01) were significantly higher in malignant tumors. No significant difference was found in the mean flow index. Chaotic architecture of vessels was significantly associated with malignancy (80.4% versus 6.1%; p0.001) than benign possibility of masses. Also, complex branching pattern of vessels was more significantly present in malignant masses than benign ones (47.8% versus 4.3%; p0.001). 3D power Doppler had a sensitivity of 80%, specificity of 94%, PPV of 84% and NPV of 92% in detection of malignant adnexal masses. Conclusion: Careful evaluation of the architectiure of vessels was the best parameter in evaluation of the masses with 3D power Doppler. Evaluation of branching pattern had a low sensitivity and specificity in detection of malignancy. In spite of no clear cut-off values for vascular indices to be accurate in differentiation of adnexal masses, higher values of vascularization index and vascularization-flow index were strongly associated with adnexal malignancy.

Objective: To evaluate the role of 3D power Doppler in assessment of adnexal masses vascularity, its ability to discriminate benign from malignant adnexal masses. Then, to determine which one of the 3D power Doppler parameters has the highest reliability for detection of adnexal malignancy. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional prospective study was conducted on patients scheduled for surgery due to presence of adnexal masses at Woman’s Health Center, Assiut University, Egypt between October 2012 and October 2013. All patients were evaluated by 3-DPD ultrasound for assessement of tumor vascularization with calculation of vascular indices using Virtual organ computer-aided analysis program. A definitive histopathological diagnosis was obtained in every case to be used as a gold standard. Results: One hundred sixty-one patients were recruited, 115 with benign masses, 46 with malignant masses. The mean vascularization index (16.36 versus 10.98; p0.05), and the mean vascularization-flow index (3.91 versus 2.13; p0.01) were significantly higher in malignant tumors. No significant difference was found in the mean flow index. Chaotic architecture of vessels was significantly associated with malignancy (80.4% versus 6.1%; p0.001) than benign possibility of masses. Also, complex branching pattern of vessels was more significantly present in malignant masses than benign ones (47.8% versus 4.3%; p0.001). 3D power Doppler had a sensitivity of 80%, specificity of 94%, PPV of 84% and NPV of 92% in detection of malignant adnexal masses. Conclusion: Careful evaluation of the architectiure of vessels was the best parameter in evaluation of the masses with 3D power Doppler. Evaluation of branching pattern had a low sensitivity and specificity in detection of malignancy. In spite of no clear cut-off values for vascular indices to be accurate in differentiation of adnexal masses, higher values of vascularization index and vascularization-flow index were strongly associated with adnexal malignancy.

Background. The risk of renal scar formation following urinary tract infection (UTI) varies markedly between individuals. We sought to investigate a possible role of the common polymorphisms in the gene encoding for VEGF and TGFβ-1, key regulators of tissue repair, in renal scarring. Methods. Acute pyelonephritis was diagnosed in 104 children (63 males) aged 2 months to 12 years by urine culture and 99Tc-DMSA renal scan. A follow-up isotope scan was performed 4–6 months later to identify new renal scar formation. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was examined by micturating cystourethrogram. Controls comprised 300 healthy children with no evidence of renal disease. Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TGFβ-1 (−800 A/G, −509 C/T and 869 C/T) and four SNPs in the VEGF gene (−2578 C/A, −1154 G/A, −460 T/C and +405 G/C) were genotyped in all subjects. Results. Forty-six of the 104 patients developed renal parenchymal scarring (44.2%). VUR was found in 35.6%. The −509 T allele in the TGFβ-1 promoter was significantly more common in cases with renal scarring (51%) than in non-scarring patients (22.4%) and controls (23.6%) (both P 0.0001). At the haplotype level, the GTC combination at −800/−509/+869 was strongly associated with renal scarring (P = 0.0002). VEGF−460 CC was more common in UTI cases with renal scarring than in non-scarring patients and controls (P = 0.03 and 0.001, respectively). Multiple logistic regression testing identified the presence of VUR (odds ratio 12.4, CI 3.8–40; P 0.001) and the TGFβ-1 −509 T allele (OR 6.1, CI 2.4–15.5; P 0.001) as independent risk factors for renal scarring after UTI. In contrast, age, gender and the type of underlying organism were not predictive of renal scarring. Conclusions. Activating variants in the TGFβ-1 and VEGF gene promoters are associated with post-UTI renal scar formation in children. The TGFβ-1 509T allele predicts renal scarring independent of VUR.

Background. The risk of renal scar formation following urinary tract infection (UTI) varies markedly between individuals. We sought to investigate a possible role of the common polymorphisms in the gene encoding for VEGF and TGFβ-1, key regulators of tissue repair, in renal scarring. Methods. Acute pyelonephritis was diagnosed in 104 children (63 males) aged 2 months to 12 years by urine culture and 99Tc-DMSA renal scan. A follow-up isotope scan was performed 4–6 months later to identify new renal scar formation. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was examined by micturating cystourethrogram. Controls comprised 300 healthy children with no evidence of renal disease. Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TGFβ-1 (−800 A/G, −509 C/T and 869 C/T) and four SNPs in the VEGF gene (−2578 C/A, −1154 G/A, −460 T/C and +405 G/C) were genotyped in all subjects. Results. Forty-six of the 104 patients developed renal parenchymal scarring (44.2%). VUR was found in 35.6%. The −509 T allele in the TGFβ-1 promoter was significantly more common in cases with renal scarring (51%) than in non-scarring patients (22.4%) and controls (23.6%) (both P 0.0001). At the haplotype level, the GTC combination at −800/−509/+869 was strongly associated with renal scarring (P = 0.0002). VEGF−460 CC was more common in UTI cases with renal scarring than in non-scarring patients and controls (P = 0.03 and 0.001, respectively). Multiple logistic regression testing identified the presence of VUR (odds ratio 12.4, CI 3.8–40; P 0.001) and the TGFβ-1 −509 T allele (OR 6.1, CI 2.4–15.5; P 0.001) as independent risk factors for renal scarring after UTI. In contrast, age, gender and the type of underlying organism were not predictive of renal scarring. Conclusions. Activating variants in the TGFβ-1 and VEGF gene promoters are associated with post-UTI renal scar formation in children. The TGFβ-1 509T allele predicts renal scarring independent of VUR.

Background. The risk of renal scar formation following urinary tract infection (UTI) varies markedly between individuals. We sought to investigate a possible role of the common polymorphisms in the gene encoding for VEGF and TGFβ-1, key regulators of tissue repair, in renal scarring. Methods. Acute pyelonephritis was diagnosed in 104 children (63 males) aged 2 months to 12 years by urine culture and 99Tc-DMSA renal scan. A follow-up isotope scan was performed 4–6 months later to identify new renal scar formation. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was examined by micturating cystourethrogram. Controls comprised 300 healthy children with no evidence of renal disease. Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TGFβ-1 (−800 A/G, −509 C/T and 869 C/T) and four SNPs in the VEGF gene (−2578 C/A, −1154 G/A, −460 T/C and +405 G/C) were genotyped in all subjects. Results. Forty-six of the 104 patients developed renal parenchymal scarring (44.2%). VUR was found in 35.6%. The −509 T allele in the TGFβ-1 promoter was significantly more common in cases with renal scarring (51%) than in non-scarring patients (22.4%) and controls (23.6%) (both P 0.0001). At the haplotype level, the GTC combination at −800/−509/+869 was strongly associated with renal scarring (P = 0.0002). VEGF−460 CC was more common in UTI cases with renal scarring than in non-scarring patients and controls (P = 0.03 and 0.001, respectively). Multiple logistic regression testing identified the presence of VUR (odds ratio 12.4, CI 3.8–40; P 0.001) and the TGFβ-1 −509 T allele (OR 6.1, CI 2.4–15.5; P 0.001) as independent risk factors for renal scarring after UTI. In contrast, age, gender and the type of underlying organism were not predictive of renal scarring. Conclusions. Activating variants in the TGFβ-1 and VEGF gene promoters are associated with post-UTI renal scar formation in children. The TGFβ-1 509T allele predicts renal scarring independent of VUR.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the protocol used for management of eclampsia in Assiut University Hospital, Egypt. Design: This study was carried out in the Women's Health Hospital, Assiut University between January 1990 till January 2010. It included all cases of eclampsia: 1998 cases (1594 antepartum eclampsia, 75 intrapartum eclampsia, 16 intercurrent eclampsia and 313 postpartum eclampsia). Methods: The regimen included the use of Nifedipine as an antihypertensive, Magnesium sulfate as anticonvulsant, rapid termination of pregnancy and admission to the intensive care unit. Results: Magnesium sulfate was effective in controlling convulsions in 98.1% of the cases. Nifedipine initiated a smooth decline in blood pressure (P>0.0001). There were 79 cases of maternal deaths (3.95%). Maternal morbidity occurred in (22%) of cases. Vaginal delivery occurred in 27% of cases (most of them were admitted postpartum). Perinatal mortality occurred in 7.9% of the cases. Conclusions: Combination of Nifedipine as an antihypertensive drug, magnesium sulfate as an anticonvulsant, rapid termination of pregnancy and managing the patients in the intensive care unit resulted in marked improvement of the outcome for both the mother and fetus.

Background: Fatty liver is the accumulation of fat in liver cells, which leads to disruption of the normal liver structure and function.

Methods: A non-alcoholic fatty liver rat model received copper (Cu) (I)-nicotinate complex [CuCl(HNA)2] for 4 weeks.

Results: Clinical signs and histopathological examinations showed obvious improvements in rats that received Cu complex who were continuously on an (HCFF) diet than those returned to standard diet with Cu complex. The improvement was matched in total lipids in sera and hepatic tissue, with disappearance of fat droplets from liver sections. Furthermore, the gain in body weight and the corresponding decrease in liver weight, decreased liver transaminases and alkaline phosphatase were prominent. The oxidative stress markers such as nitric oxide, lipid peroxides, glutathione and superoxide dismutase were obviously changed to healthy normal levels.

Conclusion: The Cu complex may serve as a novel chemical restoring agent in fatty degenerated liver cells and for renewal of their structure and functions. However, clinical trials are required for more evaluation of the Cu complex in humans