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Abstract Background: Cryptosporidium species are coccidian parasites that infect the digestive and respiratory systems of vertebrates. Transmission from animals to humans especially in rural areas was reported. Children are more prone particularly in unhygienic places. Cryptosporidiosis infections originate from public swimming pools, common meals, water wells and unhygienic drinking water sources. Objective: This cross-sectional study, conducted in Sohag Governorate, Egypt, determined the prevalence of intestinal cryptosporidiosis in children and identified the risk factors for infection. The results may facilitate evaluation of the endemic level of intestinal cryptosporidiosis and determine whether widespread or focal measures of parasite control are required. Participants and Methods: After obtaining official permission and providing the study design, consents were obtained from the parents of all children. 400 children aged between 1-12 years at nursery/primary schools of Sohag were enrolled. Each participant was specified with a detailed data collection questionnaire. General and abdominal clinical assessment and stool examination by modified Zeihl-Neelsen stain were done. Results: The study showed that the over-all infection rate among the examined group was 40%. Infection was more prevalent in males (45%) than in females (33%), particularly among the age group from 6 to12 years. Higher infection rates were detected in rural areas (60%) than urban areas (20%). Prevalence increased in summer (55.5%), spring (33.3%) and autumn (25%) and decreased in winter (12.5%). Conclusions: Cryptosporidium infection is prevalent among the investigated Egyptian children with variable infection rate with respect to child age and season.

Abstract Background: Cryptosporidium species are coccidian parasites that infect the digestive and respiratory systems of vertebrates. Transmission from animals to humans especially in rural areas was reported. Children are more prone particularly in unhygienic places. Cryptosporidiosis infections originate from public swimming pools, common meals, water wells and unhygienic drinking water sources. Objective: This cross-sectional study, conducted in Sohag Governorate, Egypt, determined the prevalence of intestinal cryptosporidiosis in children and identified the risk factors for infection. The results may facilitate evaluation of the endemic level of intestinal cryptosporidiosis and determine whether widespread or focal measures of parasite control are required. Participants and Methods: After obtaining official permission and providing the study design, consents were obtained from the parents of all children. 400 children aged between 1-12 years at nursery/primary schools of Sohag were enrolled. Each participant was specified with a detailed data collection questionnaire. General and abdominal clinical assessment and stool examination by modified Zeihl-Neelsen stain were done. Results: The study showed that the over-all infection rate among the examined group was 40%. Infection was more prevalent in males (45%) than in females (33%), particularly among the age group from 6 to12 years. Higher infection rates were detected in rural areas (60%) than urban areas (20%). Prevalence increased in summer (55.5%), spring (33.3%) and autumn (25%) and decreased in winter (12.5%). Conclusions: Cryptosporidium infection is prevalent among the investigated Egyptian children with variable infection rate with respect to child age and season.

Abstract Background: Cryptosporidium species are coccidian parasites that infect the digestive and respiratory systems of vertebrates. Transmission from animals to humans especially in rural areas was reported. Children are more prone particularly in unhygienic places. Cryptosporidiosis infections originate from public swimming pools, common meals, water wells and unhygienic drinking water sources. Objective: This cross-sectional study, conducted in Sohag Governorate, Egypt, determined the prevalence of intestinal cryptosporidiosis in children and identified the risk factors for infection. The results may facilitate evaluation of the endemic level of intestinal cryptosporidiosis and determine whether widespread or focal measures of parasite control are required. Participants and Methods: After obtaining official permission and providing the study design, consents were obtained from the parents of all children. 400 children aged between 1-12 years at nursery/primary schools of Sohag were enrolled. Each participant was specified with a detailed data collection questionnaire. General and abdominal clinical assessment and stool examination by modified Zeihl-Neelsen stain were done. Results: The study showed that the over-all infection rate among the examined group was 40%. Infection was more prevalent in males (45%) than in females (33%), particularly among the age group from 6 to12 years. Higher infection rates were detected in rural areas (60%) than urban areas (20%). Prevalence increased in summer (55.5%), spring (33.3%) and autumn (25%) and decreased in winter (12.5%). Conclusions: Cryptosporidium infection is prevalent among the investigated Egyptian children with variable infection rate with respect to child age and season.

Abstract: The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of meat borne parasitic infection in 170 animals (120 cattle and 50 buffaloes) slaughtered in El-Minia Governorate abattoirs, during the period from June 2017 to May 2018. The obtained data were statistically analysed by SPSS software using ANOVA test at 95 % confidence level (P ≤ 0.05). The study revealed the overall prevalence in cattle was 35%, the incidence of Fasciola spp. (23.3%), Cysticercus bovis (6.6%), Sarcocyst spp. (0%) and hydatid cyst (5%). On the other hand, total prevalence in buffaloes was 52%, which include Fasciola spp., (30%), Cysticercus bovis (6%), Sarcocyst spp. (12%), and Hydatid cyst (4%). Older cattle and buffaloes were more susceptible than young (P ≤ 0.05). The highest seasonal prevalence rate of infection with Fasciola spp. and hydatid cyst was highest in Autumn at (P ≤ 0.05). The predilection site of Cysticercus bovis was significantly highest in the heart of cattle and buffaloes 75%, 100% respectively (P ≤ 0.05). Hydatid cyst mainly present in lung and liver of cattle and buffalo 6% and 2% respectively. While Sarcocystis spp. sarcocyst in buffaloes were significantly highest in esophagus 50%. It can be concluded that parasitic infection among beef production livestock has its hazardous zoonotic significance causing serious economic losses. .

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This study was conducted to estimate the infection with larval helminth parasites of freshwater fishes. For this purpose, a total of 200 freshwater fish of different body weights represented as 100 Clarias lazera and 100 Tilapia nilotica were collected randomly, from May 2017 to April 2018 from fish markets in El Minia city. The overall incidence of metacercariae infestation (60%) was significantly higher in C. lazera 70.0%, than T. nilotica 50.0%, while the incidence of infestation with 3rd larvae of Contracaecum sp. was found significantly higher in C. lazera 20.0% than in T. nilotica 5.0% at (P≤ 0.05). Three types of encysted metacercariae were detected in T. nilotica namely metacercaria of Prohemistomum vivax, Clinostomum phalacrocoracis and Haplorchis species, while P. vivax was found only in C. lazera. It was observed that the highest distribution percentage of the metacercariae in the tail region in both fish species with a percent of (50%) in T. nilotica but with (57%) in C. lazera and it was absent in the head region. Seasonally; the highest incidence with metacercariae in T. nilotica was found in summer and spring which was 65% and 60% respectively. The lowest incidence was found in winter (28%), but in C. lazera, the highest incidence was found in summer (87%) and spring (66%), while the lowest incidence was found in winter (38%). The 3rd larvae of Contracaecum were found in T. nilotica during summer (12.5%) and in C. lazera during summer (37.5%) and spring (16.6%). The higher incidence of parasites in fish represents the potential public health risk, therefore public awareness creation activities should be conducted on the zoonotic nature of fish parasites and danger of consumption of raw or undercooked fish.