Background

 New Delhi Metallo-b-lactamase (NDM- 1) and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) are enzymes associated with resistance to many β- lactam agents. Their early detection is very important for controlling the spread of drug- resistant bacteria. This study aimed to evaluate the use of LOOP-mediated isothermal amplification technique (LAMP) assay for rapid and cost-effective detection of blaNDM-1 and blaKPC genes among Gram-negative bacteria in comparison with conventional PCR.

Methods

A total of 156 gram-negative bacterial isolates [Escherichia coli (43), Klebsiella spp. (66), Pseudomonas spp. (47)] were screened for the presence of carbapenemases (blaNDM-1 and blaKPC) using molecular methods such as conventional PCR and LAMP assay.

Results

  blaNDM1 was positive in 94/156 (60.2%) isolates and blaKPC was positive in 37/156 (23.7%) isolates by conventional PCR and LAMP.

Conclusion

The LAMP technique is an excellent option for the rapid detection of blaNDM-1 and blaKPC genes. The amplification is faster and cheaper than other molecular techniques. It is easy to implement. The thermocycler is not necessary.

Severe infection, and prolonged hospital/ICU stay were higher in COVID19 patients with underling CLD. Monitoring of those high risk patients and tailoring of their therapeutic approaches is a matter of worry increasing their diagnostic and therapeutic burden.Patients with underlying comorbidity may have serious outcome and hepatic comorbidity is an important one of these comorbidities and this representing the outcome of this study.