The purpose of this research is to investigate traffic accidents causes and major factors that would be the main reasons for accidents, and to develop a model for accidents on Main National Egyptian Rural Roads. Accidents models would help decision makers to develop the road network to be more safe and minimize the accidents rate. Models were calibrated using accidents records data collected from 19 rural roads from previous studies, and 7 rural roads from filed surveys in Assiut region, "General Authority for Roads & Bridges". The data was splittied in two different types of road sections in location and engineering properties, namely; "Agriculture roads undivided sections", "Desert roads undivided sections”. Simple, Stepwise, and multiple regression analysis have been used to find the effect of each parameter on the accident rate value. Several functional forms are explored and tested in the calibration process. Before proceeding to the development of models, ANOVA statistical tests are conducted to establish whether there are any significant differences in the data used for models’ calibration as a result of differences among the considered roads. The results indicated that exponential model formula represents the highest correlation for all road types .Average daily traffic (ADT), Shoulder width, pedestrian crossing and percentage of trucks have highest effects of traffic accidents on agriculture roads undivided sections, Shoulder width, Radius of horizontal curves and percentage of trucks have the highest effects of traffic accidents on desert roads undivided sections.

Several efforts connected with traffic‐noise problems in Greater Cairo have been conducted since the 1970s. They concerned both the traffic‐noise measurements and countermeasures taken. During 30 years, the level of traffic noise has been changing, it increased seriously in the last 10 years in spite of countermeasures taken, due to a significant increase in the number of cars. Measurements taken for traffic‐noise levels indicated that noise levels in the city are too high. So that makes the city in the front of Capitals from aspect of noise level and continuous periods. In our paper, we have presented measurements and countermeasures taken as follows: (1) We present 30 years of traffic‐noise problems in Greater Cairo and the measurements taken. (2) We present the policies for traffic‐noise problems and countermeasures taken; this contains the efforts of the Egyptian Ministry of Environment, City Hall, traffic administration of the city, recommendations of the Symposium of Noise and Traffic Problems in Greater Cairo 1988, and recommendations of the Report of the Egyptian Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, and the Egyptian National Research Center 1994. This is to evaluate this experiment, and address planning for the future to make Greater Cairo a quiet city. (3) Conclusions and remarks will be discussed.

The effects of open-plan office noise levels on annoyance in Egypt were studied. More than 200 respondents from 10 Egyptian open-plan office sites representing different functions were evaluated. The goals of this study are to carry out measurements to evaluate open-plan office noise levels, to determine if these levels exceeded the permissible levels set by Egyptian noise standards and policy to protect public health, to examine respondent’s attitudes towards open-plan office noise, and to determine the relationship between open-plan office noise levels and degree of annoyance. Results of measurements showed that equivalent continuous noise levels varied from 72 dB to 93 dB. Results of experiments showed that open-plan office noise reduced by 11 dB when users kept their conversations quiet, 6 dB when operating conditions of air conditioners (split units) were changed from high to low, and reduced by 5 dB when partial height „1.5 m… partitions made of plastic sheets with thickness of 6 mm were used. There was a strong relationship between open-plan office noise levels and percentage of highly annoyed respondents. There were a 10% increase in highly annoyed respondents per 4 dB increase in noise levels. Perception of unwanted speech conversations should be reduced. © 2011 Institute of Noise Control Engineering.

Annoyance and increase of accident risk of workers from industrial noise levels in Egypt were studied. 683 workers from 15 Egyptian sites of industry, ranging from food to metal industry were evaluated. The goals of this study are to carry out measurements to evaluate industrial noise levels, are these levels exceeded the permissible levels set by Egyptian noise standard and policy to protect public health of workers?, to examine worker’s attitudes towards industrial noise, to know the relationship between industrial noise levels and degree of annoyance. Results showed that equivalent continuous noise levels ranged from 70 to 100 dB (A). Annoyance of respondents showed that 47.1% were highly annoyed, 5.8% their hearing were harmed. There was a strong relationship between industrial noise levels and percentage of highly annoyed respondents. By increasing industrial noise level possibility of workers to make accident was also increased. Respondents suggest less maximum daily exposure duration than those set by Egyptian law.