there are newly explored areas that have been explored by a scientific expedition in the Egyptian’s western desert. This paper discusses a primary master plan of the gardens’ city, which lies in the newly discovered to be developed areas. It is planned to depend on renewable energy. Gardens’ city has economic base that depends mainly on Palm, Olive trees and wheat. A renewable energy field of about 9000 Acres area is planned to provide the city and new explored areas with clean energy. Different agriculture and industrial activities will work together to create a clean and human urban area

Assiut is the largest city in Upper Egypt and lies about 234 miles south of Cairo. The goals of this study are to carry out measurements to evaluate noise levels in center of Assiut city (commercial, administrative and city center areas), are these levels exceeded permissible levels set by Egyptian noise standard and policy to protect public health and welfare?, to carry out experiments for reducing noise levels, to examiner respondent's attitudes towards noise, to know relationship between city center noise levels and degree of annoyance. Results of measurements showed that Ldn varied from 82.7 dB to 96.8 dB. Experiments were carried out for reducing noise levels in cases of absence of road traffic noise, railway noise, and loud speaker noise. Results of experiments showed that noise level was reduced by 14.2 dB in case of absence of road traffic noise. Noise level was reduced by 12.3 dB in absence of railway noise. Noise was reduced by 11.6 dB in case of absence of loud speaker noise. This shows that town planner can use various strategies to achieve quieter city center environments. Annoyance of respondents showed that 43.6 % were highly annoyed. There was a strong relationship between city center noise levels and percentage of highly annoyed respondents

This paper presents a v/f control of induction motor with different pulse width modulation ( PWM) techniques as sine triangle pulse width modulation ( SPWM), Third-harmonic pulse width modulation (THPWM) and Space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM) using MATLAB SIMULINK. Induction motor modeled in the synchronous q-d reference frame. The performance of IM with full load torque is compared using these techniques for THD, harmonics spectra, utilization of dc supply voltage, fundamental peak of the output voltage and motor speed. The dynamic performance of IM using SVPWM under reference speed and load torque variations is studied also. The results show that the SVPWM is the efficient one because it’s superior performance characteristics. The operation of IM with v/f method for closed loop system is enhancement when SVPWM technique is applied.

This paper presents a v/f control of induction motor with different pulse width modulation ( PWM) techniques as sine triangle pulse width modulation ( SPWM), Third-harmonic pulse width modulation (THPWM) and Space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM) using MATLAB SIMULINK. Induction motor modeled in the synchronous q-d reference frame. The performance of IM with full load torque is compared using these techniques for THD, harmonics spectra, utilization of dc supply voltage, fundamental peak of the output voltage and motor speed. The dynamic performance of IM using SVPWM under reference speed and load torque variations is studied also. The results show that the SVPWM is the efficient one because it’s superior performance characteristics. The operation of IM with v/f method for closed loop system is enhancement when SVPWM technique is applied.

This paper presents a v/f control of induction motor with different pulse width modulation ( PWM) techniques as sine triangle pulse width modulation ( SPWM), Third-harmonic pulse width modulation (THPWM) and Space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM) using MATLAB SIMULINK. Induction motor modeled in the synchronous q-d reference frame. The performance of IM with full load torque is compared using these techniques for THD, harmonics spectra, utilization of dc supply voltage, fundamental peak of the output voltage and motor speed. The dynamic performance of IM using SVPWM under reference speed and load torque variations is studied also. The results show that the SVPWM is the efficient one because it’s superior performance characteristics. The operation of IM with v/f method for closed loop system is enhancement when SVPWM technique is applied.

In this paper, we derive an exact upper bound (UB) on bit error rate (BER) of the decode-and-forward (DF) cooperation protocol. The destination uses the maximum a posterior (MAP) decoder to estimate the data sent from the source. The MAP decoder is optimal in the sense that it minimizes the the end-to-end error probability. The complexity of derivation comes from the fact that however the source generates data with equal probability, the data received at the destination does not have the same a priori probability. That is because of the error that occurs in the source-to-relay link. Hence, the MAP decoding rule can not be simplified to the maximum likelihood (ML) decoding rule. The results show that the upper bound is very tight. Therefore, the closed form expression of the upper bound can be used to fully study and understand the diversity performance of the DF cooperation protocol.

This study focused on the impact of used engine oil on the compressive strength of concrete. The compressive strengths of concrete cubes soaked in used mineral oil for 6 months were compared with those of oil-free concrete cubes. Five different concrete mixes were adopted to investigate the negative impact of mineral oil on low- and high-strength concrete. Furthermore, this paper describes an investigation into the effect of oil absorption on concrete frame foundations used for large machines at Assiut cement factory, CEMEX, in Egypt. It is concluded that the evaluation of the ggressive effect of mineral oil on concrete by experimentally comparing the strengths of oil-free concrete and oiled concrete at the same age is the most optimal and most reliable of the existing methods. The aggressiveness of oil is very clearly observed for low- and high-strength concrete, and the reductions in compressive strength were observed to be 17% and 11.8%, respectively. Additionally, based on this field study, the degree of oil absorption in concrete is an important determinant of compressive strength.