Forty F1 grain sorghum crosses, their parents (eight CMS A-lines and five male R-lines) and one commercial hybrid (H-306) as check were evaluated for grain yield/plant and some other traits in 2011 and 2012 seasons at Shandaweel Agric. Res. Station, Sohag, Egypt under three irrigation levels (100, 70% and 40% from optimum water irrigation level). The combined analysis across the three levels of irrigation at each of the two years showed highly significant mean squares due to irrigation levels, and genotypes and their interaction for all studied traits, indicating genetic variability for all studied traits. In addition, highly significant mean squares were found due to interaction of genotype × irrigation, indicating differential response for different genotypes under different levels of irrigation for all studied traits except for days of 50% flowering. Also, high significant differences among genotypes, crosses, parents were found, for all studied traits in the two seasons. These results reflect the important roles of both additive and non-additive in the inheritance of number of days to 50% flowering, plant height, 1000-grain weight and grain yield/plant. Female lines (ASH-6, ASH-11, ICSA-37 and ICSA-88003) and the male lines (ICSR-92003 and ICSV-273) had positive and highly significant general combining ability effects for grain yield under the three irrigation levels over the two seasons. These lines had favorable genes and would be considered good combiners for high yielding ability. The crosses (ASH-8 × ICSR-89028) and (ICSA-37 × ICSR-92003) had positive and highly significant SCA effects under the three of irrigation treatments over the two seasons and would be considered the best combinations for grain yield

The study was carried out during 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons at the Exp. Farm of Assiut University, to Evaluate 20 bread wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L) for traits related to lodging resistance and yield under different levels of nitrogen fertilization i.e. 50, 75 and 100 kg N/fed. The results could be summarized as follow: - There were highly significant differences among the studied genotypes, levels of nitrogen and genotypes x nitrogen interaction traits related to lodging. - Plant height was positively and high significantly correlated with the second internode length under all nitrogen levels, while it was negatively highly significantly correlated with second internode diameter with an increase nitrogen levels. - The mean plant height and length of second internode over all genotypes increased as nitrogen rate increased up to 100 kg N/fed. - Increasing nitrogen rate up to 75 kg/fed. led to significant increase in the stem diameter, dry weight/unit and internode length. However, adding more nitrogen fertilizer showed negative effect on the above mentioned traits. - The lodging percentage increased with the increase of nitrogen rate. The causes of lodging differed from cultivar to another. - The grain yield significantly increased with the increase of nitrogen rate up to 100 kg/fed. - Results showed that the genotype Sakha 93 was the best for lodging percentage.

The study was carried out during 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons at the Exp. Farm of Assiut University, to Evaluate 20 bread wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L) for traits related to lodging resistance and yield under different levels of nitrogen fertilization i.e. 50, 75 and 100 kg N/fed. The results could be summarized as follow: - There were highly significant differences among the studied genotypes, levels of nitrogen and genotypes x nitrogen interaction traits related to lodging. - Plant height was positively and high significantly correlated with the second internode length under all nitrogen levels, while it was negatively highly significantly correlated with second internode diameter with an increase nitrogen levels. - The mean plant height and length of second internode over all genotypes increased as nitrogen rate increased up to 100 kg N/fed. - Increasing nitrogen rate up to 75 kg/fed. led to significant increase in the stem diameter, dry weight/unit and internode length. However, adding more nitrogen fertilizer showed negative effect on the above mentioned traits. - The lodging percentage increased with the increase of nitrogen rate. The causes of lodging differed from cultivar to another. - The grain yield significantly increased with the increase of nitrogen rate up to 100 kg/fed. - Results showed that the genotype Sakha 93 was the best for lodging percentage.

This investigation was carried out to study the effect of temperature resulting from different sowing dates during the stage of flowering and seed maturity as well as the effect of genotypes x environment interaction on seed yield and its components in some populations of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). A set of six populations from Egypt and one Genan from U.S.A. (Aswan, Balady, Dakha, Ismailia-1, Nitrogen fixed and Siwa) were sown on three sowing dates i.e. 20th of each of October, November and December in randomized complete block design with three replicates in the experimental farm of South Valley University during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons. Three cuts were taken after 80, 125 and 165 days from sowing. The results revealed that the highest number of pods/plant (63.8), 1000 seed weight (2.77 g) and seed yield/plant (0.86 g) were obtained from sowing on the 20th November. This result is due to that seed production is taking place during the April month. The Aswan population outyielded (134.8 g/m2) other tested populations. On the other hand, Genan U.S.A. population gave the lowest yield (51.2 g/m2) over all sowing dates and seasons. Moreover, the environments, populations and their interaction were signficiant for number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, 1000 seed weight and seed yield. The estimates of genotypic stability parameters ( and ) for seed yield and its components showed that the average stability region involved Ismailia-1 population for number or pods/plant; Balady, Ismailia-1 and Nitrogen fixed populations for number of seeds/pod; Ismailia-1 for 1000 seed weight and Nitrogen fixed for seed yield/m2. Also, the results showed that Aswan population was the highest seed yielding, but exhibited less stability (instable in seed yield). In contrast, Nitrogen fixed population showed lower seed yield, but in stable region. Keywords: Alfalfa, Medicago sativa L., Sowing date, Stability, Genotype x environment interaction, Seed yield and its components.

This investigation was carried out to study the effect of temperature resulting from different sowing dates during the stage of flowering and seed maturity as well as the effect of genotypes x environment interaction on seed yield and its components in some populations of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). A set of six populations from Egypt and one Genan from U.S.A. (Aswan, Balady, Dakha, Ismailia-1, Nitrogen fixed and Siwa) were sown on three sowing dates i.e. 20th of each of October, November and December in randomized complete block design with three replicates in the experimental farm of South Valley University during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons. Three cuts were taken after 80, 125 and 165 days from sowing. The results revealed that the highest number of pods/plant (63.8), 1000 seed weight (2.77 g) and seed yield/plant (0.86 g) were obtained from sowing on the 20th November. This result is due to that seed production is taking place during the April month. The Aswan population outyielded (134.8 g/m2) other tested populations. On the other hand, Genan U.S.A. population gave the lowest yield (51.2 g/m2) over all sowing dates and seasons. Moreover, the environments, populations and their interaction were signficiant for number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, 1000 seed weight and seed yield. The estimates of genotypic stability parameters ( and ) for seed yield and its components showed that the average stability region involved Ismailia-1 population for number or pods/plant; Balady, Ismailia-1 and Nitrogen fixed populations for number of seeds/pod; Ismailia-1 for 1000 seed weight and Nitrogen fixed for seed yield/m2. Also, the results showed that Aswan population was the highest seed yielding, but exhibited less stability (instable in seed yield). In contrast, Nitrogen fixed population showed lower seed yield, but in stable region. Keywords: Alfalfa, Medicago sativa L., Sowing date, Stability, Genotype x environment interaction, Seed yield and its components.

The obtained results could be displayed the effeteness of stepwise regression analysis to determine the strongest trait/s to produce the high sugar, cane yields and sugar recovery in sugarcane. The model which has two independent traits of cane yield (CY) and sugar recovery (SR) resembled to be the fit model for sugar yield and gave R2 = 1.000 in second and third ratoon crops as well as over both of them. Also, the model which has two independent traits of sugar yield (SY) and sugar recovery (SR) resembled to be the fit model for cane yield and gave R2 = 1.000 in second and third ratoon crops as well as over both of them. The model included three traits of sucrose (SUC), brix (BR) and pol (PO) with R2=1.000 in second ratoon or SUC and BR with R2= 0.999 in third and over both ratoons crops, resembled to be the fit model for sugar recovery. High positive and significant estimates of correlation coefficients were recorded between cane yield and each of stalk height, stalk weight, stalk number/fed and sugar yield in all studied ratoon crops. High and positive significant estimates of correlation coefficients were recorded between sugar yield and each of stalk height, stalk weight and stalks number/fed over the two ratoon crops. It is remark result that the traits of brix, purity %, pol and sugar recovery were correlated each other in high significant and positive estimates in both ratoon crops, revealing the high quality traits as important components express high sugar in sugarcane. Pathcoefficient analysis through the second, third and over both of ratoon crops revealed that the stalk weight, stalk number/fed and cane yield had the greatest direct and indirect influences on sugar yield. Moreover, the stalk number and stalk weight had the greatest direct and indirect influences on cane yield. The path coefficient analysis exhibited that sucrose contributed the greatest effects on sugar recovery even direct or indirect effects via pol, brix and purity over the both ratoon crops.

The obtained results could be displayed the effeteness of stepwise regression analysis to determine the strongest trait/s to produce the high sugar, cane yields and sugar recovery in sugarcane. The model which has two independent traits of cane yield (CY) and sugar recovery (SR) resembled to be the fit model for sugar yield and gave R2 = 1.000 in second and third ratoon crops as well as over both of them. Also, the model which has two independent traits of sugar yield (SY) and sugar recovery (SR) resembled to be the fit model for cane yield and gave R2 = 1.000 in second and third ratoon crops as well as over both of them. The model included three traits of sucrose (SUC), brix (BR) and pol (PO) with R2=1.000 in second ratoon or SUC and BR with R2= 0.999 in third and over both ratoons crops, resembled to be the fit model for sugar recovery. High positive and significant estimates of correlation coefficients were recorded between cane yield and each of stalk height, stalk weight, stalk number/fed and sugar yield in all studied ratoon crops. High and positive significant estimates of correlation coefficients were recorded between sugar yield and each of stalk height, stalk weight and stalks number/fed over the two ratoon crops. It is remark result that the traits of brix, purity %, pol and sugar recovery were correlated each other in high significant and positive estimates in both ratoon crops, revealing the high quality traits as important components express high sugar in sugarcane. Pathcoefficient analysis through the second, third and over both of ratoon crops revealed that the stalk weight, stalk number/fed and cane yield had the greatest direct and indirect influences on sugar yield. Moreover, the stalk number and stalk weight had the greatest direct and indirect influences on cane yield. The path coefficient analysis exhibited that sucrose contributed the greatest effects on sugar recovery even direct or indirect effects via pol, brix and purity over the both ratoon crops.

This investigation was carried out to study the effect of temperature resulting from different sowing dates, varieties and their interaction on forage yield and its components of alfalfa. A set of seven varieties (Aswan, Balady, Dakhla, Ismailia-1, Nitrogen fixed, Genan, and Siwa) were sown on three sowing dates (20th of October, November and December) in randomized complete block design with three replicates in experimental farm of South Valley University during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons. Three cuts were taken after 80, 125 and 165 days from sowing. The results showed that the sowing dates and varieties had a significant effects on plant height, number of branches/plant, leaf/stem ratio, fresh and protein forage yields over the two seasons. Aswan population gave the tallest plant height, and highest forage yields over all sowing dates. Moreover, the tallest plant heightm highest number of branches/plant and seasonal fresh, dry and protein forage yields were obtained from the plants sown on 20th December over the two seasons. The sowing dates and varieties and their interactions were significant for plant height, number of branches/plant, and seasonal, fresh, dry and protein forage yields. Finally the stability analysis revealed that the average stability region involved Siwa, Balady, Dakhla and Nitrogen fixed populations for plant height and Genan and Ismailia populations for seasonal fresh forage yield. Moreover, all seven populations except Dakhla and Aswan populations were involved in stability region for seasonal protein forage yield.

This investigation was carried out to study the effect of temperature resulting from different sowing dates, varieties and their interaction on forage yield and its components of alfalfa. A set of seven varieties (Aswan, Balady, Dakhla, Ismailia-1, Nitrogen fixed, Genan, and Siwa) were sown on three sowing dates (20th of October, November and December) in randomized complete block design with three replicates in experimental farm of South Valley University during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons. Three cuts were taken after 80, 125 and 165 days from sowing. The results showed that the sowing dates and varieties had a significant effects on plant height, number of branches/plant, leaf/stem ratio, fresh and protein forage yields over the two seasons. Aswan population gave the tallest plant height, and highest forage yields over all sowing dates. Moreover, the tallest plant heightm highest number of branches/plant and seasonal fresh, dry and protein forage yields were obtained from the plants sown on 20th December over the two seasons. The sowing dates and varieties and their interactions were significant for plant height, number of branches/plant, and seasonal, fresh, dry and protein forage yields. Finally the stability analysis revealed that the average stability region involved Siwa, Balady, Dakhla and Nitrogen fixed populations for plant height and Genan and Ismailia populations for seasonal fresh forage yield. Moreover, all seven populations except Dakhla and Aswan populations were involved in stability region for seasonal protein forage yield.

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