The influence of repeated and continuous dry heat treatments on structural, physicochemical, and digestive properties of sweet potato starch was investigated. The results showed that the original A-type crystallinity of sweet potato starch remained unchanged after dry heat treatments. The light transmittance, gelatinization temperature, and pasting temperature of sweet potato starch increased; while the pasting viscosities, swelling power, and solubility decreased after dry heat treatments. Relative crystallinity, solubility, swelling power, light transmittance, and thermal parameter values (To, Tp, Tc, ΔT) were found to be significantly higher for the continuous dry heat (CDH) treated starch than those of the repeated dry heat (RDH) treated starch after treatment for the same duration. However, CDH treated starch samples showed lower paste viscosity and digestibility than those of RDH treated samples after treatment for the same duration. In addition, the CDH treatment highly influenced the structure of starch granule surface compared with the RDH treatment. Generally, it can be concluded that RDH treatment highly influenced structural, physicochemical, and digestive properties of sweet potato starch compared with CDH treatment.

NULL

NULL

NULL

Abstract: This investigation was carried out at the Experimental orchard, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt, to study the effect of CPPU spraying and pinching on cluster and berry traits of Roomy Red, as well as, effect of berry thinning and GA3 application on cluster and berry traits of Ruby Seedless grapes during 2007 and 2008 seasons. The experiment was set up as complete randomized block (CRB) with four replicates, one vine per each. Pinching of both shoots and flower clusters as well as brushing and spraying solutions were performed at full bloom. The obtained results could be summarized as follow. GA3 at 1.5 or 3.0 ppm spraying, brushing flowers cluster or 1% Urea vine foliage spraying at full bloom significantly decreased the berries number, weight and compactness coefficient of clusters compared to untreated one. All berry thinning reduced the berries number and increased the length of clusters, hence induce a pronounced decrease in compactness coefficient and produced losse clusters. GA3 at 1.5 to 3.0 ppm and Urea at 1% spraying and brushing the flowers cluster at full bloom significantly increased the berry weight, total soluble solids, reducing Sugars and anthocyanin in berry skin compared to untreated ones On the other hand, CPPU spraying of shoots and flower clusters at full bloom significantly increased the berries number, weight and compactness coefficient of clusters compared to untreated ones. CPPU spraying at full bloom gave the highest there cluster traits compared to pinching ones. CPPU spraying and pinching either shoots or flower clusters at full bloom significantly increased the berry weight and improved the chemical constituents of juice and skin anthocyanin of berries compared to untreated ones. It could be concluded that, the best methods for berries thinning of Ruby Seedless grapevines that whether GA3 at low concentration, 1.5-3 ppm or brushing the flower cluster at full bloom to overcome the adverse effects of GA3 at high concentration. Furthermore, to overcome the unfavorable phenomenon's of Roomy Red grapevine clusters, must using either CPPU 2.5 to 5.0 ppm spraying or pinching the shoot tips alone or along with flower cluster tipping at full bloom.

Abstract: This investigation was carried out at the Experimental orchard, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt, to study the effect of CPPU spraying and pinching on cluster and berry traits of Roomy Red, as well as, effect of berry thinning and GA3 application on cluster and berry traits of Ruby Seedless grapes during 2007 and 2008 seasons. The experiment was set up as complete randomized block (CRB) with four replicates, one vine per each. Pinching of both shoots and flower clusters as well as brushing and spraying solutions were performed at full bloom. The obtained results could be summarized as follow. GA3 at 1.5 or 3.0 ppm spraying, brushing flowers cluster or 1% Urea vine foliage spraying at full bloom significantly decreased the berries number, weight and compactness coefficient of clusters compared to untreated one. All berry thinning reduced the berries number and increased the length of clusters, hence induce a pronounced decrease in compactness coefficient and produced losse clusters. GA3 at 1.5 to 3.0 ppm and Urea at 1% spraying and brushing the flowers cluster at full bloom significantly increased the berry weight, total soluble solids, reducing Sugars and anthocyanin in berry skin compared to untreated ones On the other hand, CPPU spraying of shoots and flower clusters at full bloom significantly increased the berries number, weight and compactness coefficient of clusters compared to untreated ones. CPPU spraying at full bloom gave the highest there cluster traits compared to pinching ones. CPPU spraying and pinching either shoots or flower clusters at full bloom significantly increased the berry weight and improved the chemical constituents of juice and skin anthocyanin of berries compared to untreated ones. It could be concluded that, the best methods for berries thinning of Ruby Seedless grapevines that whether GA3 at low concentration, 1.5-3 ppm or brushing the flower cluster at full bloom to overcome the adverse effects of GA3 at high concentration. Furthermore, to overcome the unfavorable phenomenon's of Roomy Red grapevine clusters, must using either CPPU 2.5 to 5.0 ppm spraying or pinching the shoot tips alone or along with flower cluster tipping at full bloom.

Abstract: This investigation was carried out at the Experimental orchard, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt, to study the effect of CPPU spraying and pinching on cluster and berry traits of Roomy Red, as well as, effect of berry thinning and GA3 application on cluster and berry traits of Ruby Seedless grapes during 2007 and 2008 seasons. The experiment was set up as complete randomized block (CRB) with four replicates, one vine per each. Pinching of both shoots and flower clusters as well as brushing and spraying solutions were performed at full bloom. The obtained results could be summarized as follow. GA3 at 1.5 or 3.0 ppm spraying, brushing flowers cluster or 1% Urea vine foliage spraying at full bloom significantly decreased the berries number, weight and compactness coefficient of clusters compared to untreated one. All berry thinning reduced the berries number and increased the length of clusters, hence induce a pronounced decrease in compactness coefficient and produced losse clusters. GA3 at 1.5 to 3.0 ppm and Urea at 1% spraying and brushing the flowers cluster at full bloom significantly increased the berry weight, total soluble solids, reducing Sugars and anthocyanin in berry skin compared to untreated ones On the other hand, CPPU spraying of shoots and flower clusters at full bloom significantly increased the berries number, weight and compactness coefficient of clusters compared to untreated ones. CPPU spraying at full bloom gave the highest there cluster traits compared to pinching ones. CPPU spraying and pinching either shoots or flower clusters at full bloom significantly increased the berry weight and improved the chemical constituents of juice and skin anthocyanin of berries compared to untreated ones. It could be concluded that, the best methods for berries thinning of Ruby Seedless grapevines that whether GA3 at low concentration, 1.5-3 ppm or brushing the flower cluster at full bloom to overcome the adverse effects of GA3 at high concentration. Furthermore, to overcome the unfavorable phenomenon's of Roomy Red grapevine clusters, must using either CPPU 2.5 to 5.0 ppm spraying or pinching the shoot tips alone or along with flower cluster tipping at full bloom.

Abstract: This investigation was carried out at the Experimental orchard, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt, to study the effect of CPPU spraying and pinching on cluster and berry traits of Roomy Red, as well as, effect of berry thinning and GA3 application on cluster and berry traits of Ruby Seedless grapes during 2007 and 2008 seasons. The experiment was set up as complete randomized block (CRB) with four replicates, one vine per each. Pinching of both shoots and flower clusters as well as brushing and spraying solutions were performed at full bloom. The obtained results could be summarized as follow. GA3 at 1.5 or 3.0 ppm spraying, brushing flowers cluster or 1% Urea vine foliage spraying at full bloom significantly decreased the berries number, weight and compactness coefficient of clusters compared to untreated one. All berry thinning reduced the berries number and increased the length of clusters, hence induce a pronounced decrease in compactness coefficient and produced losse clusters. GA3 at 1.5 to 3.0 ppm and Urea at 1% spraying and brushing the flowers cluster at full bloom significantly increased the berry weight, total soluble solids, reducing Sugars and anthocyanin in berry skin compared to untreated ones On the other hand, CPPU spraying of shoots and flower clusters at full bloom significantly increased the berries number, weight and compactness coefficient of clusters compared to untreated ones. CPPU spraying at full bloom gave the highest there cluster traits compared to pinching ones. CPPU spraying and pinching either shoots or flower clusters at full bloom significantly increased the berry weight and improved the chemical constituents of juice and skin anthocyanin of berries compared to untreated ones. It could be concluded that, the best methods for berries thinning of Ruby Seedless grapevines that whether GA3 at low concentration, 1.5-3 ppm or brushing the flower cluster at full bloom to overcome the adverse effects of GA3 at high concentration. Furthermore, to overcome the unfavorable phenomenon's of Roomy Red grapevine clusters, must using either CPPU 2.5 to 5.0 ppm spraying or pinching the shoot tips alone or along with flower cluster tipping at full bloom.

ABSTRACT During 2013/ 2014 and 2014/2015 seasons, Valencia orange trees received three sprays; at growth start, directly after fruit setting and after one month with three plant oils; clove, ginger and turmeric each at 0.025 ,0.05 and 0.1% besides the control treatment. Treating the trees three times with oil of clove, ginger or turmeric each at 0.025 to 0.1% effectively stimulated yield, fruit quality, leaf area and leaf content of pigments, N, P, K and Mg comparing with the control treatment. The promotion was related to the increase in concentrations of these plant oils. Negligible stimulation on all the previous parameters was revealed among the higher two concentrations namely 0.05 and 0.1% . Using oils of clove, ginger and turmeric was effective in an ascending order in this connection. It could be concluded that spraying Valencia orange trees grown under Assiut region conditions with turmeric oil (0.05%) three times resulted in the highest yield and the best fruit quality.

ABSTRACT During 2013/ 2014 and 2014/2015 seasons, Valencia orange trees received three sprays; at growth start, directly after fruit setting and after one month with three plant oils; clove, ginger and turmeric each at 0.025 ,0.05 and 0.1% besides the control treatment. Treating the trees three times with oil of clove, ginger or turmeric each at 0.025 to 0.1% effectively stimulated yield, fruit quality, leaf area and leaf content of pigments, N, P, K and Mg comparing with the control treatment. The promotion was related to the increase in concentrations of these plant oils. Negligible stimulation on all the previous parameters was revealed among the higher two concentrations namely 0.05 and 0.1% . Using oils of clove, ginger and turmeric was effective in an ascending order in this connection. It could be concluded that spraying Valencia orange trees grown under Assiut region conditions with turmeric oil (0.05%) three times resulted in the highest yield and the best fruit quality.