This study aimed to examine how adding two levels of probiotics, Lactobacillus plantarum and

Lactobacillus acidophilus, to the growing V-line rabbits’ basal diet affects growth performance, carcass

parameters, hematology, serum biochemistry, digestibility, cecal microbiota, economic evaluation

of the diet, and histological and immunohistochemical features of the intestine, kidneys, liver, and

heart. Sixty healthy five-week-old male rabbits were allocated at random to three groups, each

with four replicates of five rabbits. The standard basal diet was provided to the three groups, with

probiotics added to the second and third groups at 0.25 g/kg and 0.50 g/kg, respectively, for the 56-day

experimental period. Probiotic supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) improved growth parameters

and the weights of internal organs, while reducing the percentage of abdominal fat. White blood cell

counts and other hematological parameters increased significantly (P < 0.05). Rabbits supplemented

with 0.25 and 0.50 g/kg of probiotics showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher serum total protein,

globulin, albumin, T3, T4, IgM, IgG, IgA and levels, and significantly (P < 0.05) lower triglycerides,

ALT, and AST levels compared with the control one. Probiotic supplementation increased (P < 0.05)

the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude fiber, nitrogen-free extract, crude protein, and

ether extract. It positively influenced beneficial cecal microbiota. Histological data showed increased

villus length, crypt depth (CD), and epithelial thickness in the intestines. The kidney’s renal corpuscle

and glomeruli diameter, along with CMFs diameter, increased. Liver PAS staining showed a dosedependent increase. TNF-α expression rose significantly in both the small and large intestines, while

synaptophysin increased in the large intestine (LI). Therefore, adding probiotics to the rabbit diet could

improve performance, hematology, serum biochemistry, nutrient digestibility, cecal microbiota, and

the economic evaluation of the diet, as well as the histological features of the intestine, kidneys, liver,

and heart.