Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) assay was used for detection of Theileria annulata infection in field samples from both cattle and buffaloes. These samples were collected from three governorates in Upper Egypt that include Assiut, EL-Fayoum and EL-wady EL-Gaded governorates. Reverse Line Blot (RLB) assay was used as a reference test for evaluation of LAMP assay efficacy in the diagnosis of bovine theileriosis. The obtained results revealed that according to the results of LAMP assay the infection rates were 65.24% and 43.24% in cattle and buffaloes, respectively. The evaluation study of LAMP test revealed high sensitivity in cattle (78.10%) if compared with buffaloes (47.37%). Specificity was higher in buffaloes (61.11%) if compared with cattle (57.53%). This study concluded that the LAMP assay was sensitive and specific assay in diagnosis of Theileria annulata infection. So, it is recommended to use LAMP assay, especially during molecular epidemiological surveys, which should be applied on a wide range because it will give a clear picture about the epidemiology of the disease, which helps in its prevention and control.

Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) assay was used for detection of Theileria annulata infection in field samples from both cattle and buffaloes. These samples were collected from three governorates in Upper Egypt that include Assiut, EL-Fayoum and EL-wady EL-Gaded governorates. Reverse Line Blot (RLB) assay was used as a reference test for evaluation of LAMP assay efficacy in the diagnosis of bovine theileriosis. The obtained results revealed that according to the results of LAMP assay the infection rates were 65.24% and 43.24% in cattle and buffaloes, respectively. The evaluation study of LAMP test revealed high sensitivity in cattle (78.10%) if compared with buffaloes (47.37%). Specificity was higher in buffaloes (61.11%) if compared with cattle (57.53%). This study concluded that the LAMP assay was sensitive and specific assay in diagnosis of Theileria annulata infection. So, it is recommended to use LAMP assay, especially during molecular epidemiological surveys, which should be applied on a wide range because it will give a clear picture about the epidemiology of the disease, which helps in its prevention and control.

The effect of energy supplementation for short period on follicular turnover and estradiol 17-β (E2) concentration during the estrus cycle in the subtropics was studied in 13 ewes (7 ewes subjected to high energy, HEG and 6 as normal energy group, NEG). After ovulation (day 0), a high-energy diet (10.87MJ ME/kg diet; 130 % of maintenance) was fed to HEG from day 1 to day 4 after ovulation and from day 8 to Day 11 of the cycle (4 days each). The high-energy diet consisted of 850 g concentrate mixture and 150 g alfalfa hay, plus ad libitum access to wheat straw. The NEG was offered as maintenance diet throughout the experiment. Follicular development was ultrasonographically observed every other day while blood samples were collected daily throughout the experiment for the analysis of albumin, globulin, glucose, total cholesterol, urea, triglycerides, total proteins, E2 and progesterone (P4). Mean plasma concentrations of glucose were significantly (P 0.05) higher in the HEG animals than in the NEG ones at almost all days during the treatment period. For ovarian performance, the total number of medium and large follicles that developed on the day prior to the 2nd ovulation in the HEG ewes (3.5±0.17) was significantly higher than that of the NEG (1.87±0.26) ones. Ovulation rate (2.8±1.0) in the HEG animals was significantly higher than that of the NEG counterparts (1.15±0.6). No significant difference was detected in the concentrations of P4 and E2 throughout the experiment between animals of the different groups except for E2 peak concentration on Day 8. The present experiment demonstrated that short-term intermittent nutritional stimulus in cyclic ewes increased the total number of ovulatory follicles and the ovulation rate in association with increasing plasma concentrations of glucose and peak levels of E2.

The effect of energy supplementation for short period on follicular turnover and estradiol 17-β (E2) concentration during the estrus cycle in the subtropics was studied in 13 ewes (7 ewes subjected to high energy, HEG and 6 as normal energy group, NEG). After ovulation (day 0), a high-energy diet (10.87MJ ME/kg diet; 130 % of maintenance) was fed to HEG from day 1 to day 4 after ovulation and from day 8 to Day 11 of the cycle (4 days each). The high-energy diet consisted of 850 g concentrate mixture and 150 g alfalfa hay, plus ad libitum access to wheat straw. The NEG was offered as maintenance diet throughout the experiment. Follicular development was ultrasonographically observed every other day while blood samples were collected daily throughout the experiment for the analysis of albumin, globulin, glucose, total cholesterol, urea, triglycerides, total proteins, E2 and progesterone (P4). Mean plasma concentrations of glucose were significantly (P 0.05) higher in the HEG animals than in the NEG ones at almost all days during the treatment period. For ovarian performance, the total number of medium and large follicles that developed on the day prior to the 2nd ovulation in the HEG ewes (3.5±0.17) was significantly higher than that of the NEG (1.87±0.26) ones. Ovulation rate (2.8±1.0) in the HEG animals was significantly higher than that of the NEG counterparts (1.15±0.6). No significant difference was detected in the concentrations of P4 and E2 throughout the experiment between animals of the different groups except for E2 peak concentration on Day 8. The present experiment demonstrated that short-term intermittent nutritional stimulus in cyclic ewes increased the total number of ovulatory follicles and the ovulation rate in association with increasing plasma concentrations of glucose and peak levels of E2.

The effect of energy supplementation for short period on follicular turnover and estradiol 17-β (E2) concentration during the estrus cycle in the subtropics was studied in 13 ewes (7 ewes subjected to high energy, HEG and 6 as normal energy group, NEG). After ovulation (day 0), a high-energy diet (10.87MJ ME/kg diet; 130 % of maintenance) was fed to HEG from day 1 to day 4 after ovulation and from day 8 to Day 11 of the cycle (4 days each). The high-energy diet consisted of 850 g concentrate mixture and 150 g alfalfa hay, plus ad libitum access to wheat straw. The NEG was offered as maintenance diet throughout the experiment. Follicular development was ultrasonographically observed every other day while blood samples were collected daily throughout the experiment for the analysis of albumin, globulin, glucose, total cholesterol, urea, triglycerides, total proteins, E2 and progesterone (P4). Mean plasma concentrations of glucose were significantly (P 0.05) higher in the HEG animals than in the NEG ones at almost all days during the treatment period. For ovarian performance, the total number of medium and large follicles that developed on the day prior to the 2nd ovulation in the HEG ewes (3.5±0.17) was significantly higher than that of the NEG (1.87±0.26) ones. Ovulation rate (2.8±1.0) in the HEG animals was significantly higher than that of the NEG counterparts (1.15±0.6). No significant difference was detected in the concentrations of P4 and E2 throughout the experiment between animals of the different groups except for E2 peak concentration on Day 8. The present experiment demonstrated that short-term intermittent nutritional stimulus in cyclic ewes increased the total number of ovulatory follicles and the ovulation rate in association with increasing plasma concentrations of glucose and peak levels of E2.