Congenital mal-formations of musculoskeletal system have been adequately described in farm animals. Occurrence of congenital pseudoarthrosis of shoulder joint could not be traced. Thus the present short note deals with clinical and radiographic observations of abnormally developed shoulder joint in a calf.

Intermandibular space swelling for about two months with difficulty in mastication and deglutition was observed in a four years old cow. Inspection revealed the presence of uniform fluctuating swelling along the whole length of the intermandibular space. Examination of the buccal cavity revealed continuation of the swelling under the tongue. Exploratory cutaneous puncture revealed presence of saliva and about 300 ml was aspirated by strile syringe. Sialocele cyst of the sublingual and mandib¬ular salivary glands was diagnosed. Surgical cutaneous incision at the anterior part of the Swelling led to complete evacuation of the contents. Subsequently a perminant salivary fistula was resulted. Two injections of 10 ml. of diluted Tr. of iodine at weekly interval resulted in localized fibrosis in the intermandibular space. It appears that alternative treatment could had been by creation of a salivary fistual inside the buccal cavity. As conclusion it should be emphasised that swelling in the intermandibular space may require a more precise differential diagnosis because such swelling can be misleading with actinomycotic or foreign body abscesses. The diagnosis " ranula " has to be established by exploratory puncture and oral cavity examination.

Certain cutaneous affections were detected among some ruminants. Their nature and symptoms together with the treatment of the lesions were detailed. Neoplasms, excoriat¬ion, oedematous skin disease, dermatitis, tail necrosis, hyperkeratosis, ringworm lesions and alopecias were among the encountered clinical cases

Various types of congenital anomalies in cattle, sheep and goats are reviewed and discussed. Corrective surgical techniques are described. Photographs and a table listing the anomalies encountered in the present study according to species, breed, sex and age are included.

Manuscripts from foreign countries often provide a basis for comparison of veterinary diagnosis and treatment techniques. In this paper from Egypt, a case report of a 4-year-old female donkey with venous diverticulum in the intermandibular space is presented. Surgery is described, and photographs and a radiograph are included.

A case report of an apparent sialolith in a donkey is reported. Presenting signs, diagnostic indications, radiographic evidence and surgical removal are discussed. Illustrations are included

Manuscripts submitted by foreign authors often provide a basis for comparison of diagnosis and treatment. In this paper from Iraq, a case of a 6-year-old cow with a peritracheal hematoma is presented. Surgical removal of the hematoma is described, and photographs and a radiograph accompany the text.

Manuscripts submitted by foreign authors often provide a basis for comparison of diagnosis and treatment. In this paper from Iraq, the treatment of 21 cases of foreign body syndrome in cattle is reviewed. The objects are categorized by number, type and location.

A massive ventral abdominal hernia, presented as a large swelling in the scrotal region, was successfully operated upon. The large hernial ring could be closed because the adhesions were minimal, the hernia was reducible and adequate muscle relaxation was obtained.

Cutaneous neoplasms are of particular interest in veterinary medicine. The common growths recorded in the present study are squamous cell carcinomas and papillomas. Squamous cell carcinomas are more recorded in sheep than in cattle. Papillomas affect cattle more than sheep. Surgical excision appears to be satisfactory except in those cases in which the clusters of growths surround some vital structures.