Background: the chick embryo act as a model for embryology and its liver development is of special interest. There is a lack in literatures about morphogenesis of liver of chicken.Methods and Results: 50 chick embryo of Dandarawi chicken were collected from Assiut University Farm at 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 and 19 day of prehatching life. At 3rd day of incubation, the parenchyma of the liver was consisted mainly of hepatic cords and some acini. At 5th day, the liver consisted of a mass of hepatic cells and hepatic sinusoids, the hepatocytes divided into dark and light cells. At 7th day, the light cells became numerous, and then they gradually decreased to reach their minimum level at 13th day, but at 15th day of incubation these cells were difficult to be observed. The apical borders of hepatocytes bear microvilli, which had maximum length at 7th day then decreased gradually till 19th day of incubation. Also, the bile canliculi was wide at 7th day and then became narrow to reach the narrowest level at 19th day of incubation. The amount of lipid increased gradually from 7th day to gain its maximum at the 19th day. The glycogen began to increase gradually to gain its maximum at 9th day and reached the lowest level at 11th day, then increased in 13th day and continued at this level till end of incubation. The gall bladder was firstly observed at the fifth day of incubation on the periphery of the right lobe and lined by pseudo stratified columnar epithelium from 5th to 7th day and from 9th to 19th incubation day, the epithelium became simple columnar.Conclusion: histogenesis of liver and gall bladder of Dandarawi chicken were described and discussed at different prehatching ages.

Background: the chick embryo act as a model for embryology and its liver development is of special interest. There is a lack in literatures about morphogenesis of liver of chicken.Methods and Results: 50 chick embryo of Dandarawi chicken were collected from Assiut University Farm at 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 and 19 day of prehatching life. At 3rd day of incubation, the parenchyma of the liver was consisted mainly of hepatic cords and some acini. At 5th day, the liver consisted of a mass of hepatic cells and hepatic sinusoids, the hepatocytes divided into dark and light cells. At 7th day, the light cells became numerous, and then they gradually decreased to reach their minimum level at 13th day, but at 15th day of incubation these cells were difficult to be observed. The apical borders of hepatocytes bear microvilli, which had maximum length at 7th day then decreased gradually till 19th day of incubation. Also, the bile canliculi was wide at 7th day and then became narrow to reach the narrowest level at 19th day of incubation. The amount of lipid increased gradually from 7th day to gain its maximum at the 19th day. The glycogen began to increase gradually to gain its maximum at 9th day and reached the lowest level at 11th day, then increased in 13th day and continued at this level till end of incubation. The gall bladder was firstly observed at the fifth day of incubation on the periphery of the right lobe and lined by pseudo stratified columnar epithelium from 5th to 7th day and from 9th to 19th incubation day, the epithelium became simple columnar.Conclusion: histogenesis of liver and gall bladder of Dandarawi chicken were described and discussed at different prehatching ages.

Background: the chick embryo act as a model for embryology and its liver development is of special interest. There is a lack in literatures about morphogenesis of liver of chicken.Methods and Results: 50 chick embryo of Dandarawi chicken were collected from Assiut University Farm at 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 and 19 day of prehatching life. At 3rd day of incubation, the parenchyma of the liver was consisted mainly of hepatic cords and some acini. At 5th day, the liver consisted of a mass of hepatic cells and hepatic sinusoids, the hepatocytes divided into dark and light cells. At 7th day, the light cells became numerous, and then they gradually decreased to reach their minimum level at 13th day, but at 15th day of incubation these cells were difficult to be observed. The apical borders of hepatocytes bear microvilli, which had maximum length at 7th day then decreased gradually till 19th day of incubation. Also, the bile canliculi was wide at 7th day and then became narrow to reach the narrowest level at 19th day of incubation. The amount of lipid increased gradually from 7th day to gain its maximum at the 19th day. The glycogen began to increase gradually to gain its maximum at 9th day and reached the lowest level at 11th day, then increased in 13th day and continued at this level till end of incubation. The gall bladder was firstly observed at the fifth day of incubation on the periphery of the right lobe and lined by pseudo stratified columnar epithelium from 5th to 7th day and from 9th to 19th incubation day, the epithelium became simple columnar.Conclusion: histogenesis of liver and gall bladder of Dandarawi chicken were described and discussed at different prehatching ages.

The present study was done in order to demonstrate the histological, histochemical as well as surface architecture of the posterior intestine of grass carp. The epithelium of posterior intestine was constituted of enterocytes (simple columnar epithelium), goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells and lymphocytes. The enterocytes were characterized by numerous large vesicles, which may represent pinocytotic activity to some nutrients. The goblet cells gave positive reaction to both PAS and Alcian blue, in addition to presence of metachromatic substances by toluidine blue. The lamina propria-sub mucosa was consisted of loose connective tissue with abundant collagen and elastic fibers.

The present study was done in order to demonstrate the histological, histochemical as well as surface architecture of the posterior intestine of grass carp. The epithelium of posterior intestine was constituted of enterocytes (simple columnar epithelium), goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells and lymphocytes. The enterocytes were characterized by numerous large vesicles, which may represent pinocytotic activity to some nutrients. The goblet cells gave positive reaction to both PAS and Alcian blue, in addition to presence of metachromatic substances by toluidine blue. The lamina propria-sub mucosa was consisted of loose connective tissue with abundant collagen and elastic fibers.

The present work was carried out on 20 specimens of grass carp in order to observe the morphological features of intestine. The present study showed that the intestine was long, which may help in retention of food for a longer period of time to ensure proper digestion. Also, the percent of relative gut length (RGL) of grass carp was 1.92%. This RGL with a large intestinal diameter of this species allowing increase the storage capacity of food. The intestine of grass carp were divided into anterior, posterior intestine and rectum. There were no intestinal villi or multicellular intestinal glands in any regions of intestine. The most important features of anterior intestine were a wide diameter of the lumen and a great number and height of mucosal folds. The anterior intestine was lined by simple columnar epithelium, intercalated with goblet cells, wandering lymphocytes and enteroendocrine cells. Scanning electron microscopy, revealed presence of long wavy mucosal folds that formed of enterocytes covered with numerous microvilli, intermingled with numerous openings for goblet cells.

The present work was carried out on 20 specimens of grass carp in order to observe the morphological features of intestine. The present study showed that the intestine was long, which may help in retention of food for a longer period of time to ensure proper digestion. Also, the percent of relative gut length (RGL) of grass carp was 1.92%. This RGL with a large intestinal diameter of this species allowing increase the storage capacity of food. The intestine of grass carp were divided into anterior, posterior intestine and rectum. There were no intestinal villi or multicellular intestinal glands in any regions of intestine. The most important features of anterior intestine were a wide diameter of the lumen and a great number and height of mucosal folds. The anterior intestine was lined by simple columnar epithelium, intercalated with goblet cells, wandering lymphocytes and enteroendocrine cells. Scanning electron microscopy, revealed presence of long wavy mucosal folds that formed of enterocytes covered with numerous microvilli, intermingled with numerous openings for goblet cells.

The present work was carried out on 20 specimens of grass carp in order to observe the morphological features of intestine. The present study showed that the intestine was long, which may help in retention of food for a longer period of time to ensure proper digestion. Also, the percent of relative gut length (RGL) of grass carp was 1.92%. This RGL with a large intestinal diameter of this species allowing increase the storage capacity of food. The intestine of grass carp were divided into anterior, posterior intestine and rectum. There were no intestinal villi or multicellular intestinal glands in any regions of intestine. The most important features of anterior intestine were a wide diameter of the lumen and a great number and height of mucosal folds. The anterior intestine was lined by simple columnar epithelium, intercalated with goblet cells, wandering lymphocytes and enteroendocrine cells. Scanning electron microscopy, revealed presence of long wavy mucosal folds that formed of enterocytes covered with numerous microvilli, intermingled with numerous openings for goblet cells.

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