Abstract Background: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Resistin is described as a potential factor in obesity mediated insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Aim: To evaluate the relationship of resistin levels with estimated glomerular filtration rate (e GFR) and albuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients and to elucidate the role of resistin as an early biomarker for early detection of diabetic kidney disease. Patients and methods: The study included 70 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as 18 healthy participants as a control group who were age and sex matched with the patients. Serum resistin levels were assessed using an ELISA kit measured in ng/ml, albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR), eGFR by MDRD formula, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C). Results: There was a significant positive correlation between serum resistin level and both HbA1C and ACR but a significant negative correlation with eGFR. Conclusion: There was a significant increased level of HbA1C, resistin, and ACR (mg/g), whereas there was decreased level of eGFR in the patient group compared with the control group (P 0.001).