Introduction: Malnutrition presents in more than half of cirrhotic patients. It is varied from 20% in compensated liver disease to 80% in decompensated liver disease. This study aimed at assessing the frequency of malnutrition and relation between the malnutrition and degree of liver severity. Patients and Methods:This study carried out in Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology Department at El-Rajhy Hospital in Assiut University, Egypt from December 2015 to December 2016 on 101 patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis based on their medical profile, the liver disease severity was determined by Child Pugh, MELD and MELD Na scores then nutritional status of the patients was assessed by different methods including anthropometric diameters (BMI, TSFT, MAC, MAMC), body composition analysis, SGA, CHI, PNI and CONUT and finally we assessed the relation between the nutritional status and the severity of liver disease. Results: the frequency of malnutrition among the studied patients varied from 25.7 % by BMI to 98 % by PNI and CONUT. There was difference in degree of malnutrition between the different groups of liver disease however, this variation was not significant when anthropometric measures and body composition analysis were used but was statistically significant when SGA, CHI, PNI and CONUT were used. Conclusion: The nutritional status of cirrhotic patients is an important tool, together with Child and MELD scores, for the prediction of prognosis of such patients. All the nutritional assessment tools are needed together with no substitution of one method by another for precise assessment of malnutrition among cirrhotic patients.

Abstract Objectives to assess the health seeking practices and their determinants among Umrah pilgrims departing from Assiut international Airport. Methods We interviewed 300 pilgrims departing from Assiut International Airport while they were in the departure lounge, using a semi-structured questionnaire. Results Only 60%, 46.3% and 46.3% of Umrah pilgrims believed in importance of pre-travel vaccination, seeking health information, and health examination, respectively. The most frequently practiced pre-travel health related behaviour was getting vaccinated (56.3%), as compared to much lower frequencies of seeking health information (24%) or having a clinical health examination (26.7%). Private clinics, internet and the tourism companies were the main sources of health information of the pilgrims. Positive attitude of pilgrims about health seeking practices, the perception of health risk of travelling to Hajj/Umrah and having a chronic disease were the predictors of pre-travel health practices. Conclusion Raising awareness among Hajj/Umrah pilgrims about the importance of seeking professional pre-travel health advice and communicating the risk of exposure to travel-related diseases to pilgrims could be important strategies to improve the uptake of preventive measures. Training of general practitioners in the public health sector about the travel health information would promote the travel health services.

Abstract Research on specific language impairment in Arabic-speaking children is currently nonexistent. Distinct linguistic characteristics of Arabic make it valuable as a means of studying manifestations of language impairment and providing insights into the nature of SLI. The study aimed to provide a linguistic profile of Arabic speaking children with SLI to help meticulous diagnosis and in the choice of proper lines of intervention strategies. This study included 135 children of both sexes with age range (4-9) years. They were diagnosed as SLI by using the Arabic language test. Descriptive statistics done for all study group then subjects were classified: 1- According to the age into 5 subgroup to detect and analyze the age-related effects on their linguistic performance. I - According to the clinical and linguistic profiles into mixed receptive-expressive type (R-E), expressive type (EX) and phonological type (Ph). It was found that 33.3% SLI children were mixed receptive-expressive (G1) subtype, 17.8% were expressive (G2) subtype and 48.9 % were phonological (G3) subtype. The most affected language parameters were the phonology. syntax both receptive and expressive with a more affection of the expressive part, then the pragmatic. Semantics was the least affected. Prosody was normal. The most frequent syntactic errors were verb tense, preposition, negation, superlatives, pronouns, adverbs and plurals. As regard phonology substitution errors were the most frequent type to occur with the phonemes /g/,/d/,/r/,z/,/d/,/s/are the most frequently affected phonemes. The devoicing, gliding are the commonest substitution errors and the final position of the words are the commonest to be affected.

Abstract Research on specific language impairment in Arabic-speaking children is currently nonexistent. Distinct linguistic characteristics of Arabic make it valuable as a means of studying manifestations of language impairment and providing insights into the nature of SLI. The study aimed to provide a linguistic profile of Arabic speaking children with SLI to help meticulous diagnosis and in the choice of proper lines of intervention strategies. This study included 135 children of both sexes with age range (4-9) years. They were diagnosed as SLI by using the Arabic language test. Descriptive statistics done for all study group then subjects were classified: 1- According to the age into 5 subgroup to detect and analyze the age-related effects on their linguistic performance. I - According to the clinical and linguistic profiles into mixed receptive-expressive type (R-E), expressive type (EX) and phonological type (Ph). It was found that 33.3% SLI children were mixed receptive-expressive (G1) subtype, 17.8% were expressive (G2) subtype and 48.9 % were phonological (G3) subtype. The most affected language parameters were the phonology. syntax both receptive and expressive with a more affection of the expressive part, then the pragmatic. Semantics was the least affected. Prosody was normal. The most frequent syntactic errors were verb tense, preposition, negation, superlatives, pronouns, adverbs and plurals. As regard phonology substitution errors were the most frequent type to occur with the phonemes /g/,/d/,/r/,z/,/d/,/s/are the most frequently affected phonemes. The devoicing, gliding are the commonest substitution errors and the final position of the words are the commonest to be affected.

Abstract Research on specific language impairment in Arabic-speaking children is currently nonexistent. Distinct linguistic characteristics of Arabic make it valuable as a means of studying manifestations of language impairment and providing insights into the nature of SLI. The study aimed to provide a linguistic profile of Arabic speaking children with SLI to help meticulous diagnosis and in the choice of proper lines of intervention strategies. This study included 135 children of both sexes with age range (4-9) years. They were diagnosed as SLI by using the Arabic language test. Descriptive statistics done for all study group then subjects were classified: 1- According to the age into 5 subgroup to detect and analyze the age-related effects on their linguistic performance. I - According to the clinical and linguistic profiles into mixed receptive-expressive type (R-E), expressive type (EX) and phonological type (Ph). It was found that 33.3% SLI children were mixed receptive-expressive (G1) subtype, 17.8% were expressive (G2) subtype and 48.9 % were phonological (G3) subtype. The most affected language parameters were the phonology. syntax both receptive and expressive with a more affection of the expressive part, then the pragmatic. Semantics was the least affected. Prosody was normal. The most frequent syntactic errors were verb tense, preposition, negation, superlatives, pronouns, adverbs and plurals. As regard phonology substitution errors were the most frequent type to occur with the phonemes /g/,/d/,/r/,z/,/d/,/s/are the most frequently affected phonemes. The devoicing, gliding are the commonest substitution errors and the final position of the words are the commonest to be affected.

Abstract Research on specific language impairment in Arabic-speaking children is currently nonexistent. Distinct linguistic characteristics of Arabic make it valuable as a means of studying manifestations of language impairment and providing insights into the nature of SLI. The study aimed to provide a linguistic profile of Arabic speaking children with SLI to help meticulous diagnosis and in the choice of proper lines of intervention strategies. This study included 135 children of both sexes with age range (4-9) years. They were diagnosed as SLI by using the Arabic language test. Descriptive statistics done for all study group then subjects were classified: 1- According to the age into 5 subgroup to detect and analyze the age-related effects on their linguistic performance. I - According to the clinical and linguistic profiles into mixed receptive-expressive type (R-E), expressive type (EX) and phonological type (Ph). It was found that 33.3% SLI children were mixed receptive-expressive (G1) subtype, 17.8% were expressive (G2) subtype and 48.9 % were phonological (G3) subtype. The most affected language parameters were the phonology. syntax both receptive and expressive with a more affection of the expressive part, then the pragmatic. Semantics was the least affected. Prosody was normal. The most frequent syntactic errors were verb tense, preposition, negation, superlatives, pronouns, adverbs and plurals. As regard phonology substitution errors were the most frequent type to occur with the phonemes /g/,/d/,/r/,z/,/d/,/s/are the most frequently affected phonemes. The devoicing, gliding are the commonest substitution errors and the final position of the words are the commonest to be affected.

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