Over the last two decades, surgeons have increasingly embraced endovascular techniques as an alternative mode of treatment for symptomatic infrainguinal occlusive disease. Duplex scan has become not only a screening test but also provided the definitive diagnosis for a number of conditions. This study has two purposes: to describe our experience of duplex-guided balloon angioplasty (DGBA) of superficial femoral artery lesions, and to analyze and compare our results with those obtained from other similar studies.

The objective of the study is to evaluate efficiency of in vitro isolation and myogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adipose connective tissue (AD-MSCs), bone marrow (BM-MSCs), and skeletal muscle tissue (MC-MSCs). MSCs were isolated from adipose connective tissue, bone marrow, and skeletal muscle tissue of two adult 6-wk-old rats. Cultured MSCs were treated with 5-azacytidine (AZA) to induce myogenic differentiation. Isolated MSCs and differentiated cells were evaluated by immunocytochemistry (ICC), fluorescenceactivated cell sorting (FACS), PCR, and RT-PCR. ADMSCs showed the highest proliferation rate while BMMSCs had the lowest one. In ICC, isolated MSCs had strong CD90- and CD44-positive expression and negative expression of CD45, CD31, and CD34, while AZA-treated MSCs had strong positive desmin expression. In FACS analysis, AD-MSCs had the highest percentage of CD90- and CD44- positive-expressing cells (99% and 96%) followed by BMMSCs (97% and 94%) and MC-MSCs (92% and 91%).At 1 wk after incubation with AZA treatment, the peak of myogenin expression reached 93% in differentiated MCMSCs, 83.3% in BM-MSCs, and 77% in AD-MSCs. MSCs isolated from adipose connective tissue, bone marrow, and skeletal muscle tissue have the same morphology and phenotype, but AD-MSCs were the most easily accessible and had the highest rate of growth on cultivation and the highest percentage of stem cell marker expression. Moreover, although MC-MSCs showed the highest rate of myogenic differentiation potential and expression of myoblast markers, AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs still can be valuable alternatives. The differentiated myoblastic cells could be an available new choice for myoblastic auto-transplantation in regeneration medicine.

Purpose of review This review outlines the advantages and the differences of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) following a coaxial or microincision cataract surgery phacoemulsification in the surgical outcome and greater control of cataract surgery. Recent findings FLACS offers minimal tissue damage and extreme precision during corneal incision creation, continuous circular capsulorhexis (CCC) and nuclear fragmentation. It also allows diminishing the mean average ultrasound power to emulsify the nucleus followed by a coaxial or a biaxial procedure. The impact of reduced phacoemulsification energy on the corneal endothelium is an interesting topic that is being investigated. Despite its benefits, this technology has relevant financial issues and a high learning curve. Summary FemtoMICS appears to be surgically and statistically more efficient than the FemtoCoaxial technique and Femtoincisions prove to be stable and do not change the corneal high order aberration significantly with favorable results of the triplanar configuration.

The appendix is a precious substitute that could be relied upon for compensation of extensive ureteral losses either alone or combined with bladder flaps without adding morbidity either to the patient or to the urinary tract in terms of electrolyte disturbances or mucous production in addition to preservation of functional integrity of the involved renal unit