Abstract BACKGROUND: Gene expression profile studies classify breast carcinomas according to the molecular profile into 4 groups; Normal-like group, Luminal group, Basal group and HER-2 group. The basal group has aggressive behavior and do not respond to either radiotherapy or chemotherapy. They express genes characteristic of basal/myoepithelial (basal/ME) cells as high molecular-weight cytokeratins including CK5/6, CK14, and CK17. They have high histologic grade, pushing (non-infiltrative) borders, large zones of geographic or comedo-type necrosis, stromal lymphocytic infiltrates and scant stromal content. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study was identification of breast carcinomas with basal phenotype referred to South Egypt Cancer Institute, relation between the clinicopathologic characteristics of both basal and non-basal phenotypes and relation of basal phenotypes with the available clinical follow up data of patients aiming to find out how basal phenotype affect patients’ outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks of 168 female patients diagnosed as primary invasive breast carcinoma were obtained from the archives of the Surgical Pathology Laboratory, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University between years 2008 and 2012. Using tissue microarray technique, tissue cores from all specimens were immunostained with CK5/6 and CK14 to detect the basal group and other non-basal groups. RESULTS: 77 cases (45.6%) were positive for CK5/6 and 81 cases (47.9%) were positive for CK14. Accordingly, 81 cases (47.9%) were of basal phenotype (which was positive for CK5/6 or CK14 or both) corresponding to 66 cases (39%) of the other types and 21 cases (13.1%) were missed. There was significant association between the basal phenotype and presence of lymphovascular invasion (p-value 0.001), presence of necrosis (p-value 0.001), infiltrative margin (p-value 0.001), inflammatory stromal infiltrate (p-value= 0.006) and cytoplasmic expression of CK5/6 (p-value= 0.014). . No statistical significance was observed between the basal phenotype and overall survival (OS), disease-free interval (DFI) or distant metastasis-free interval (DMFI). CONCLUSION: Basal-like breast carcinomas (BLBCs) have some distinctive features as presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI), necrosis, infiltrative tumor margin and inflammatory stromal infiltrate. They showed tendency to occur in older age group, to be of large tumor size and of moderate grade.

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The idea of recording information on all cancer cases in defined community dates from the first half of the twentieth century, and there has been a steady growth in the number of such cancer registries since. Through a series of milestones; population-based cancer registration reached its current status where 290 registries in 68 countries are included in the version X of Cancer Incidence in 5 Continents. Egypt started to be indulged in cancer registration on 1936 and reached the stage of National Population-based Cancer Registry program in 2007. This review describes the evolution of cancer registration from cancer surveys, hospital-based registration and finally population-based registries and how Egypt made advantage of this worldwide evolution of cancer registration, with its pitfalls, difficulties and solutions, to establish its national population-based cancer registry program (NCRPE). The paper also describes most relevant cancer statistics in Egypt and, for the first time, the most recent incidence rates obtained through Egypt NCRPE in 3 regions representing Upper, Middle and Lower Egypt with provisional estimate of cancer incidence rates stratified by gender for entire Egypt.