Two cycles of pedigree selection for earliness index and lint yield/plant were achieved in two populations of Egyptian cotton (G. barbadense L.) under late planting condition. The genetic materials were the F6, F7 and F8- generations of (Giza 80 x Pima 56)/Giza 91 (pop. I) and Dandara/ Giza 80 (pop. II). The genotypic coefficients of variation (gcv) in the F6-genreation were 13.35 and 14.69% for earliness index, and 23.70 and 27.60% for lint yield/plant for pop. I and pop. II; respectively. The remained gcv after two cycles of pedigree selection were 8.12 and 10.60% for earliness index, and 22.59 and 21.50% for lint yield/plant for pop. I and pop. II; respectively. The respective realized heritability was 0.4550 and 0.2731 for earliness index, and 0.4128 and 0.3970 for lint yield/plant. The average direct observed gain was significant and accounted for 5.59 and 3.80% for earliness index, and 6.68 and 5.45% (ns) for lint yield/plant from the bulk sample for pop. I and II; respectively. Two promising superior families were isolated from each population in both of earliness index and yield. For example, concerning earliness index, the best superior family No. 175 showed significant (P0.01) observed gains from the better parent of 26.81, 49.99, 18.17, 9.87, 43.19 and 13.78% for seed cotton yield/plant, lint yield/plant, lint percentage, seed index, lint index and earliness index; respectively.