The effect of different alternative fertilizer sources in comparison with the traditional mineral nutrition on growth characters, yield components and oil content of Pimpinella anisum L. plant was investigated. The alternative sources used in this study were cattle manure (CM), phosphorein, and Halex-2. Combination among these sources or with 1/2 recommended dose of NPK chemical fertilizers were also studied. All treatments applied significantly promoted the growth, fruit yield and volatile oil content compared to the untreated control. The GC-MS results showed that the main components of volatile oil were anethole and carvone. The chemical analysis of anise leaves indicate that the total chlorophyll and carotenoids content, total carbohydrates percentage in leaves and fruits and N, P and K percentages were significantly improves as a result of applying any fertilization treatment compared to the control. The nitrate and nitrite of anise fruits were significantly reduced as a result of using any alternative fertilizer treatment however; the RD treatment recorded the highest values in this respect. The combination treatments among alternative sources or combined with 1/2 recommended dose of NPK chemical fertilizers were more effective than separate application. In order to obtain high quality of anise fruits and volatile oil, decrease the production cost, protect the environment from pollution and save the chemical fertilizers, the treatment of using Halex-2 plus phosphorein or at least adding ½ RD to Halex-2 or phosphorein bio-fertilizers was recommended. These treatments came in the second rank after the RD of chemical fertilizer and without significant difference in most cases.